[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":5620},["ShallowReactive",2],{"sanity-TCA8nVgHdY":3,"sanity-Z219Ynxuvi":413,"sanity-SPJk6Rl6qU":780,"sanity-6Kn1RggUtk":790,"sanity-lKbhQDPhN0":1001,"sanity-JtIAJbQH5R":1070,"sanity-It9lFnkprp":4258},{"about":4,"coverAnimation":110,"siteOptions":175,"slugs":384},{"content":5,"title":109},[6,17,25,33,41,49,57,65,72,93,101],{"_key":7,"_type":8,"children":9,"markDefs":15,"style":16},"869001b3a5d5","block",[10],{"_key":11,"_type":12,"marks":13,"text":14},"bf42971d8f26","span",[],"ABOUT",[],"h3",{"_key":18,"_type":8,"children":19,"markDefs":23,"style":24},"02b2a5a0cbfb",[20],{"_key":11,"_type":12,"marks":21,"text":22},[],"Shared Habitats is a transdisciplinary research and publication format, exploring the design of urban spaces from a more-than-human perspective. The project fuses design and planning with the fields of urban ecology, environmental humanities, and the arts. Contributions evolve from a place-based approach and combine theoretical discourse, practical applications and experimental artistic research.",[],"normal",{"_key":26,"_type":8,"children":27,"markDefs":32,"style":24},"6cd5574a6c08",[28],{"_key":29,"_type":12,"marks":30,"text":31},"e3dfbdb3a696",[],"The project seeks to foster new ideas, a critical dialogue and knowledge exchange between those fields. Shared Habitats is grounded in a local context and collaborates with Swiss actors, while its outlook is global. Each new edition is based on a single topic and distributed in a hybrid way—via our open-access online platform and through a printed version.",[],{"_key":34,"_type":8,"children":35,"markDefs":40,"style":16},"b4aac4ffab72",[36],{"_key":37,"_type":12,"marks":38,"text":39},"3072acfdc0c5",[],"ORIGINS",[],{"_key":42,"_type":8,"children":43,"markDefs":48,"style":24},"d3bd1c275a16",[44],{"_key":45,"_type":12,"marks":46,"text":47},"7eb5ea9c998e",[],"Shared Habitats was initiated in 2022 by Laura Bruns and Flurina Gradin as part of the Junior Research in Design funding program at the Institute for Design Research of the Zurich University of the Arts, ZHdK. It was further conceptually developed by Flurina Gradin, Reinhard Schmidt and Nadine Wüthrich, with financial and professional support from the swissuniversities-funded project Open Science for Arts, Design and Music (OS-ADM) (2022–2024). The project was ultimately brought to realization together with Christoph Miler since 2025. Shared Habitats is a non-commercial project.",[],{"_key":50,"_type":8,"children":51,"markDefs":56,"style":16},"83488fc6628c",[52],{"_key":53,"_type":12,"marks":54,"text":55},"12fc2a7bb37f",[],"PEER REVIEW",[],{"_key":58,"_type":8,"children":59,"markDefs":64,"style":24},"52416633e217",[60],{"_key":61,"_type":12,"marks":62,"text":63},"3a5c0a3458bd",[],"All contributions are curated for thematic relevance and coherence with the overall scope of the project. In our peer-review process, all submissions are reviewed by the editors responsible for the respective issues. Submissions that undergo specific peer-review processes such als single-blind peer review, double-blind peer review, or open peer review etc. are identified as such.",[],{"_key":66,"_type":8,"children":67,"markDefs":71,"style":16},"9fa93bff5f86",[68],{"_key":61,"_type":12,"marks":69,"text":70},[],"OPEN ACCESS AND COPYRIGHTS",[],{"_key":73,"_type":8,"children":74,"markDefs":88,"style":24},"f9f2fc010c56",[75,79,84],{"_key":76,"_type":12,"marks":77,"text":78},"edad1a4f4f7c",[],"All contributions are published open access under the ",{"_key":80,"_type":12,"marks":81,"text":83},"48325fb2e12a",[82],"8b1cd9b8fd8b","CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license",{"_key":85,"_type":12,"marks":86,"text":87},"159845966750",[]," (Creative Commons, Attribution, Non Commercial, No Derivatives). Contributions with other licences are marked directly in the text. The sources (e.g. text, image, sound, and film materials etc.) are ascertained and quoted with great care by the authors. The authors are responsible for obtaining the publication and reproduction rights. Despite careful examination, the editors assume no liability, especially not for externally linked contents. The reuse of material from other sources may require additional permissions from the respective copyright holders.",[89],{"_key":82,"_type":90,"href":91,"linkType":92,"title":91},"link","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode.en","externalLink",{"_key":94,"_type":8,"children":95,"markDefs":100,"style":16},"d1e8c5f680a6",[96],{"_key":97,"_type":12,"marks":98,"text":99},"13a3aefc0256",[],"CONTACT",[],{"_key":102,"_type":8,"children":103,"markDefs":108,"style":24},"2bc35bca52ae",[104],{"_key":105,"_type":12,"marks":106,"text":107},"eac7a03f8b1e",[],"Please feel free to reach out if you have any feedback, questions, or proposals for collaborations, or if you would like to receive our newsletter with information on future editions: flurina.gradin(at)wildspots.ch.",[],"About",{"animImageA":111,"animImageB":162,"colorA":174,"colorB":174},{"_type":112,"asset":113},"image",{"_createdAt":114,"_id":115,"_rev":116,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":114,"assetId":118,"extension":119,"metadata":120,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":157,"path":158,"sha1hash":118,"size":159,"uploadId":160,"url":161},"2026-05-06T20:47:35Z","image-4a2c852d5778240e2e64a4fb5d9f11eef725ec50-4000x3000-jpg","7w6UtaYGFCs1ynfwHk3jo6","sanity.imageAsset","4a2c852d5778240e2e64a4fb5d9f11eef725ec50","jpg",{"_type":121,"blurHash":122,"dimensions":123,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":130,"palette":131,"thumbHash":155},"sanity.imageMetadata","VVHeXmI9-=ITt8~VxtM|xtWC%NRjIUofjrogoIxaa#ay",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":125,"height":126,"width":127},"sanity.imageDimensions",1.3333333333333333,3000,4000,false,true,"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":133,"darkVibrant":138,"dominant":141,"lightMuted":144,"lightVibrant":148,"muted":151,"vibrant":152},"sanity.imagePalette",{"_type":134,"background":135,"foreground":136,"population":137,"title":136},"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","#4a3f32","#fff",6.91,{"_type":134,"background":139,"foreground":136,"population":140,"title":136},"#4c3211",0.2,{"_type":134,"background":142,"foreground":136,"population":143,"title":136},"#a5956f",7.01,{"_type":134,"background":145,"foreground":146,"population":147,"title":136},"#cabea0","#000",4.16,{"_type":134,"background":149,"foreground":146,"population":150,"title":146},"#f1e6c7",2.87,{"_type":134,"background":142,"foreground":136,"population":143,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":153,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#d0892e",0,"XggOFYK0lHeflndqhYiYiW+e9NY4","image/jpeg","20250320_200335_Erdkroete.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/4a2c852d5778240e2e64a4fb5d9f11eef725ec50-4000x3000.jpg",3463205,"fY40Go43X9zH4EzLDuOPrPqJtsZYkcxW","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/4a2c852d5778240e2e64a4fb5d9f11eef725ec50-4000x3000.jpg",{"_type":112,"asset":163},{"_createdAt":114,"_id":115,"_rev":116,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":114,"assetId":118,"extension":119,"metadata":164,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":157,"path":158,"sha1hash":118,"size":159,"uploadId":160,"url":161},{"_type":121,"blurHash":122,"dimensions":165,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":130,"palette":166,"thumbHash":155},{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":125,"height":126,"width":127},{"_type":132,"darkMuted":167,"darkVibrant":168,"dominant":169,"lightMuted":170,"lightVibrant":171,"muted":172,"vibrant":173},{"_type":134,"background":135,"foreground":136,"population":137,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":139,"foreground":136,"population":140,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":142,"foreground":136,"population":143,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":145,"foreground":146,"population":147,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":149,"foreground":146,"population":150,"title":146},{"_type":134,"background":142,"foreground":136,"population":143,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":153,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},null,{"_createdAt":176,"_id":177,"_rev":178,"_system":179,"_type":177,"_updatedAt":182,"categories":183,"labelContentButtonClose":197,"labelContentButtonOpen":198,"labelContentGlossar":199,"labelContentRelated":200,"labelContentTable":201,"labelGlossarRelated":200,"labelMenuInfoEditions":202,"labelMenuInfoGlossar":203,"labelMenuInfoSpecies":204,"labelNavContentsTitle":205,"language":206,"logos":207,"name":375,"seo":376,"subtitle":383},"2023-05-16T12:14:45Z","siteOptions","Jl05JbWvbVsByEkDHu2UFL",{"base":180},{"id":177,"rev":181},"7w6UtaYGFCs1ynfwHy3Rqc","2026-05-07T17:07:19Z",[184,189,193],{"slug":185,"title":188},{"_type":186,"current":187},"slug","theories","Theories",{"slug":190,"title":192},{"_type":186,"current":191},"experiments","Experiments",{"slug":194,"title":196},{"_type":186,"current":195},"practices","Practices","Close","Content","Glossar","Related","Chapters","Editions","Glossary","Species","Contents","de",[208,249,280,310,346],{"_key":209,"_type":210,"image":211,"size":247,"url":248},"904a8f21cc8a","logo",{"_type":212,"asset":213},"picture",{"_createdAt":214,"_id":215,"_rev":216,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":214,"assetId":217,"extension":218,"metadata":219,"mimeType":241,"originalFilename":242,"path":243,"sha1hash":217,"size":244,"uploadId":245,"url":246},"2026-05-04T20:04:01Z","image-e6f38002ee9872e45831be5cfae65e96779072af-229x152-png","2Ja1vG7biIb634RK9RLOFF","e6f38002ee9872e45831be5cfae65e96779072af","png",{"_type":121,"blurHash":220,"dimensions":221,"hasAlpha":129,"isOpaque":128,"lqip":225,"palette":226,"thumbHash":240},"V009jvfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQ",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":222,"height":223,"width":224},1.506578947368421,152,229,"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAANCAYAAACpUE5eAAAACXBIWXMAAB7CAAAewgFu0HU+AAABFElEQVR4nNXS2SsFUBAG8J9rzZItIrrZcnkRpTzIg12SPCCuskQerMkSD/53Tc2LcpdXU9M5zZy+833fDP85GurIuiIeFtCENnShG73oyYxaa76rGY3oxCAmsYgVbGIdy5jHGDpqMY1mM4awgB1c4gmveMYZdvOT0VRSFTQAi9hKsDd84x13KGMvAYtoqQZYSL/msI+rBLnHNU5wkIBLGEiLKsptxwy2cZRsQuI5TtOCjQQNP4eTxJ8Mo9iPNVzgNtk94gE3ybCcvUNMVPMwijHZkPqSQ4j8SB8/M7/Sz2NM5/pU9LAPq8kwpAajOGM4wTKmHX6Gt7FG47mrFQGjOYLZ9HIqZZVy92InI+Me7ILAr6H8AHcqH5QYho5HAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":227,"darkVibrant":230,"dominant":232,"lightMuted":233,"lightVibrant":235,"muted":237,"vibrant":238},{"_type":134,"background":228,"foreground":136,"population":229,"title":136},"#040404",100,{"_type":134,"background":231,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#424242",{"_type":134,"background":228,"foreground":136,"population":229,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":234,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#4c4c4c",{"_type":134,"background":236,"foreground":146,"population":154,"title":136},"#bcbcbc",{"_type":134,"background":234,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":239,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#7f7f7f","AAiCA4ASAAAAAAAAAAAAAAiIcoqFmng=","image/png","unruly.png","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/e6f38002ee9872e45831be5cfae65e96779072af-229x152.png",12581,"0UPfSkoPBT1lvXHlxQsTY4aMXNv6FP4K","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/e6f38002ee9872e45831be5cfae65e96779072af-229x152.png","md","https://unrulynatures.ch/",{"_key":250,"_type":210,"image":251,"size":247,"url":279},"2e27b94336f7",{"_type":212,"asset":252},{"_createdAt":253,"_id":254,"_rev":255,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":253,"assetId":256,"extension":218,"metadata":257,"mimeType":241,"originalFilename":274,"path":275,"sha1hash":256,"size":276,"uploadId":277,"url":278},"2026-05-04T20:01:02Z","image-bea8233699c09f4002886422589d4e1d853b9230-348x152-png","8ejm7yxhwRT4gOeFSMLwE9","bea8233699c09f4002886422589d4e1d853b9230",{"_type":121,"blurHash":258,"dimensions":259,"hasAlpha":129,"isOpaque":128,"lqip":262,"palette":263,"thumbHash":273},"M012{FxuD%M{t7RjfQt7j[WB4nM{%MxuWB",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":260,"height":223,"width":261},2.289473684210526,348,"data:image/png;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":264,"darkVibrant":267,"dominant":268,"lightMuted":269,"lightVibrant":270,"muted":271,"vibrant":272},{"_type":134,"background":265,"foreground":136,"population":266,"title":136},"#343434",2.45,{"_type":134,"background":231,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":265,"foreground":136,"population":266,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":234,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":236,"foreground":146,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":234,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":239,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"BAiCAoAiGPN2iXgAAAAAAFiHh3hwitc=","wildspots.png","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/bea8233699c09f4002886422589d4e1d853b9230-348x152.png",18458,"ERnUmUV4NUQxGUZEWeFyl8PqaI5bmP9K","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/bea8233699c09f4002886422589d4e1d853b9230-348x152.png","https://wildspots.ch/",{"_key":281,"_type":210,"image":282,"size":247,"url":309},"0d6628a676ff",{"_type":212,"asset":283},{"_createdAt":284,"_id":285,"_rev":286,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":284,"assetId":287,"extension":218,"metadata":288,"mimeType":241,"originalFilename":304,"path":305,"sha1hash":287,"size":306,"uploadId":307,"url":308},"2026-05-04T20:01:09Z","image-dedc5ef9e5bbe4119b44bddfb65d222976765707-340x152-png","8ejm7yxhwRT4gOeFSMLyEn","dedc5ef9e5bbe4119b44bddfb65d222976765707",{"_type":121,"blurHash":289,"dimensions":290,"hasAlpha":129,"isOpaque":128,"lqip":293,"palette":294,"thumbHash":303},"M009jvfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQfQ",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":291,"height":223,"width":292},2.236842105263158,340,"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAAJCAYAAAAywQxIAAAACXBIWXMAAB7CAAAewgFu0HU+AAAAxklEQVR4nI2SaQrCMBSEv7a2rkVxrfrHpaBeQBA8ifc/iAxOoJba+mBIBiaTeS+BT0VAHxgDqbnQA+IKFzorstkJuANbILFRagyBKZCbt1Zs4RN4AZeKYeLLNsAVKK2N2lJHTnADHk4YzDJgBKyAM3Bw0qySPrX2yzj2wdxivC6AwtgbhROvjaVnnzQlrbYwAHaebUDppIEfrZk0GdZLrcycQEm1qvXAhbnN9Bs6f4BuVEq1rr0OBYgHaFx/lYThcP1Vf77yG3u3BrgafbqJAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":295,"darkVibrant":297,"dominant":298,"lightMuted":299,"lightVibrant":300,"muted":301,"vibrant":302},{"_type":134,"background":228,"foreground":136,"population":296,"title":136},100.21,{"_type":134,"background":231,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":228,"foreground":136,"population":296,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":234,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":236,"foreground":146,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":234,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":239,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"AAiCAoABAAAAAAAAAAAAADmKqXmQi1M=","zhdk.png","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/dedc5ef9e5bbe4119b44bddfb65d222976765707-340x152.png",6804,"2IIyJjjBW3dzxfgCC82amCdnj3RpHNPR","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/dedc5ef9e5bbe4119b44bddfb65d222976765707-340x152.png","https://www.zhdk.ch/",{"_key":311,"_type":210,"image":312,"size":247,"url":345},"71de40a8ecd3",{"_type":212,"asset":313},{"_createdAt":314,"_id":315,"_rev":316,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":314,"assetId":317,"extension":218,"metadata":318,"mimeType":241,"originalFilename":340,"path":341,"sha1hash":317,"size":342,"uploadId":343,"url":344},"2026-05-04T20:00:46Z","image-b0e11a74bf1e46354e9bc45cc0eb073e5b182be7-384x152-png","8ejm7yxhwRT4gOeFSMLipB","b0e11a74bf1e46354e9bc45cc0eb073e5b182be7",{"_type":121,"blurHash":319,"dimensions":320,"hasAlpha":129,"isOpaque":128,"lqip":323,"palette":324,"thumbHash":339},"D01Cf;xuM{WBM{j]WBj[j[WB",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":321,"height":223,"width":322},2.526315789473684,384,"data:image/png;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":325,"darkVibrant":328,"dominant":331,"lightMuted":332,"lightVibrant":334,"muted":336,"vibrant":337},{"_type":134,"background":326,"foreground":136,"population":327,"title":136},"#14140c",0.25,{"_type":134,"background":329,"foreground":136,"population":330,"title":136},"#0c0c04",0.38,{"_type":134,"background":329,"foreground":136,"population":330,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":333,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#727226",{"_type":134,"background":335,"foreground":146,"population":154,"title":146},"#dddd9b",{"_type":134,"background":333,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":338,"foreground":146,"population":154,"title":136},"#bfbf3f","B/iBAoARIOx4iMYFYgh0R0lXd4iAenk=","uni_zur.png","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/b0e11a74bf1e46354e9bc45cc0eb073e5b182be7-384x152.png",39338,"f1OUh1JsYgY5YGaotlUsyxx4On9kPTMQ","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/b0e11a74bf1e46354e9bc45cc0eb073e5b182be7-384x152.png","https://www.uzh.ch/de.html",{"_key":347,"_type":210,"image":348,"size":247,"url":374},"b4850634778c",{"_type":212,"asset":349},{"_createdAt":350,"_id":351,"_rev":352,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":350,"assetId":353,"extension":218,"metadata":354,"mimeType":241,"originalFilename":369,"path":370,"sha1hash":353,"size":371,"uploadId":372,"url":373},"2026-05-04T20:00:36Z","image-bcce58b4707d8cce296281bce75d1d7ec0bd0355-318x152-png","NjFKn5TWxAiAPiVihWNjzA","bcce58b4707d8cce296281bce75d1d7ec0bd0355",{"_type":121,"blurHash":289,"dimensions":355,"hasAlpha":129,"isOpaque":128,"lqip":358,"palette":359,"thumbHash":368},{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":356,"height":223,"width":357},2.0921052631578947,318,"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAAKCAYAAAC0VX7mAAAACXBIWXMAAB7CAAAewgFu0HU+AAAA50lEQVR4nLXSyUpEMRCF4e/azi0OrbhwIU4gLpwQRxxwpSAqCAo+iDsRdK+4E3xaKanI7cZFg1jwUwmVnJNKQntUNf4UVdJT4zfxrowq9GMMk5jKHPNm1ho1ilkxbmT+iT7M4xw3uMUdLnGEhTRoJRMYT8MWpjFSF43CFd7xmnzgEy+4wBY2knWsYRWb2MVcdvJ9JeF+n4KPeMAz3vCEaxzjFCfYxg4OUmwPixgsgs10PMN+niYWHubiFSxhOfNMEqeazXF02Vtajt6HMJp3MdxB1MK95NgYDCTxBm2PUv823dK55//iC0XuEiqoGUxVAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":360,"darkVibrant":362,"dominant":363,"lightMuted":364,"lightVibrant":365,"muted":366,"vibrant":367},{"_type":134,"background":228,"foreground":136,"population":361,"title":136},99.58,{"_type":134,"background":231,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":228,"foreground":136,"population":361,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":234,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":236,"foreground":146,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":234,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":239,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"AAiCAoARAAAAAAAAAAAAAHpWh3hQiMc=","eth.png","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/bcce58b4707d8cce296281bce75d1d7ec0bd0355-318x152.png",3856,"xDhXMg04VnIqCxHwFqEk17Djk1CJQfoQ","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/bcce58b4707d8cce296281bce75d1d7ec0bd0355-318x152.png","https://ethz.ch/de.html","Shared Habitats",{"_type":377,"metaDescription":378,"metaKeywords":379,"ogImage":174},"seo","Tools and Theories for Designing the More-Than-Human City.",[380,381,382],"Urban Ecology","Cohabitation","Environmental Humanities","Tools and Theories for Designing \nthe More-Than-Human City",[385],{"articles":386,"edition":411,"editionNumber":412},[387,390,393,396,399,402,405,408],{"shortSlug":388,"slug":389},"kro","kroeten",{"shortSlug":391,"slug":392},"the","the-frog-and-the-sewage-treatment-plant",{"shortSlug":394,"slug":395},"emb","embracing-the-amphibious-urban",{"shortSlug":397,"slug":398},"qua","quaar-qu-qu-quaarr-qi-qi-quiaarr",{"shortSlug":400,"slug":401},"a-b","the-basin-as-hydrocommons",{"shortSlug":403,"slug":404},"eng","engage-with-amphibians-in-switzerland",{"shortSlug":406,"slug":407},"amp","amphibien-grenzgaenger-zwischen-wasser-und-land",{"shortSlug":409,"slug":410},"per","perspektiven-geteilter-lebensraeume","amphibious-living","01",{"_createdAt":414,"_id":415,"_rev":416,"_system":417,"_type":420,"_updatedAt":421,"articles":422,"authors":448,"backgroundColor":488,"blurb":491,"categories":500,"coverTitle":561,"dimTextColor":562,"edition":564,"editorial1":565,"editorial2":598,"editorialTitle":774,"highlightColor":775,"infoTitle":777,"number":778,"title":779},"2024-02-18T17:25:51Z","0907ed01-acb1-47b5-a246-1c7d1d2c2d1e","KIHz7dZlTz9OZnY4oEThOY",{"base":418},{"id":415,"rev":419},"siRSXrVH2rEfWhbz4QIDbV","edition","2026-09-10T12:02:17Z",[423,427,430,433,436,439,442,445],{"_key":424,"_ref":425,"_type":426},"b8f7a3573b69","213259c2-4368-40de-81dd-f9ac3dd721a7","article",{"_key":428,"_ref":429,"_type":426},"69008869667b","34be3075-106a-4eb1-a7f2-354dd38793cb",{"_key":431,"_ref":432,"_type":426},"164dee2c610a","a71ae0c9-749d-4514-b465-9c4445bdc725",{"_key":434,"_ref":435,"_type":426},"a23e606f98df","e1e8352a-2d16-442a-a58a-9ee6d2e44407",{"_key":437,"_ref":438,"_type":426},"3cbb155088ff","24ebe720-26fb-43dd-aad5-566954dbefc3",{"_key":440,"_ref":441,"_type":426},"e24f3b9d0e4f","f3b8bb8f-59ef-40ed-8372-46e0f8cae153",{"_key":443,"_ref":444,"_type":426},"3b5661616b64","cfe6e9b4-6dff-4349-8dfa-9d272a83c982",{"_key":446,"_ref":447,"_type":426},"9e1c916a3f09","23530abe-69d9-4835-8442-d71053988de8",[449,452,455,458,461,464,467,470,473,476,479,482,485],{"firstName":450,"lastName":451},"Felix","Frankowiak",{"firstName":453,"lastName":454},"Nicolas","Gattlen",{"firstName":456,"lastName":457},"Michael","Hindelang",{"firstName":459,"lastName":460},"Beatrix","Langner",{"firstName":462,"lastName":463},"Federico","Luisetti",{"firstName":465,"lastName":466},"Sebastian","Meyer",{"firstName":468,"lastName":469},"Kirsten","Parris",{"firstName":471,"lastName":472},"Niklaus","Peyer",{"firstName":474,"lastName":475},"Katharina ","Schulthess",{"firstName":477,"lastName":478},"Ariann","Schwarz",{"firstName":480,"lastName":481},"Andrea","Strässle",{"firstName":483,"lastName":484},"Elena","Valter",{"firstName":486,"lastName":487},"ZAKOLE","collective",{"label":489,"value":490},"Custom","rgb(186, 238, 118)",[492],{"_key":493,"_type":8,"children":494,"markDefs":499,"style":24},"426416f31a29",[495],{"_key":496,"_type":12,"marks":497,"text":498},"bf66c52bc3060",[],"The first issue of Shared Habitats reimagines the city as a place of amphibious living. It seeks to understand the needs and living conditions of various forms of life such as frogs, toads and salamanders, at the margins of the wet and dry. And it explores urgent questions such as: How can we think, plan, and design urban spaces that allow the seemingly antagonistic elements of water and land to coexist?",[],[501,521,539],{"_id":502,"articles":503,"slug":519,"subtitle":520,"title":188},"1098d2d1-8ad4-49ce-a797-c1ad078cdfeb",[504,509,514],{"_id":425,"authors":505,"slug":507,"title":508},[506],{"firstName":459,"lastName":460},{"_type":186,"current":389},"Eine kleine Kulturgeschichte der Kröten",{"_id":429,"authors":510,"slug":512,"title":513},[511],{"firstName":462,"lastName":463},{"_type":186,"current":392},"The Frog and the Sewage Treatment Plant",{"_id":432,"authors":515,"slug":517,"title":518},[516],{"firstName":468,"lastName":469},{"_type":186,"current":395},"Embracing the amphibious urban",{"_type":186,"current":187},"Concepts and Positions",{"_id":522,"articles":523,"slug":537,"subtitle":538,"title":192},"c329dd2c-9852-4cb3-8b9d-173dce474476",[524,529],{"_id":435,"authors":525,"slug":527,"title":528},[526],{"firstName":486,"lastName":487},{"_type":186,"current":398},"quAA’r-qu-qu-QuAa’rr’-qI-qI-QuiAa’r’r’",{"_id":438,"authors":530,"slug":535,"title":536},[531,532,533,534],{"firstName":450,"lastName":451},{"firstName":456,"lastName":457},{"firstName":477,"lastName":478},{"firstName":483,"lastName":484},{"_type":186,"current":401},"The Basin as Hydrocommons",{"_type":186,"current":191},"Explorations and Prototyping",{"_id":540,"articles":541,"slug":559,"subtitle":560,"title":196},"b35dbac0-2580-4d8f-b314-5630bcea2243",[542,547,554],{"_id":441,"authors":543,"slug":545,"title":546},[544],{"firstName":471,"lastName":472},{"_type":186,"current":404},"How to engage with Amphibians in Switzerland?",{"_id":444,"authors":548,"slug":552,"title":553},[549,550,551],{"firstName":453,"lastName":454},{"firstName":465,"lastName":466},{"firstName":480,"lastName":481},{"_type":186,"current":407},"Amphibien – Grenzgänger zwischen Wasser und Land",{"_id":447,"authors":555,"slug":557,"title":558},[556],{"firstName":474,"lastName":475},{"_type":186,"current":410},"Perspektiven geteilter Lebensräume ",{"_type":186,"current":195},"Tools and Methods","Amphibious \nLiving",{"label":489,"value":563},"rgb(112, 143, 71)",{"_type":186,"current":411},[566,574,582,590],{"_key":567,"_type":8,"children":568,"markDefs":573,"style":24},"be5dff00b972",[569],{"_key":570,"_type":12,"marks":571,"text":572},"7dcc9fc8c346",[],"Throughout the 20th century, cities have been designed as spectacles of solid matter. Worldwide, megatons of concrete, steel and glass have been used to coat, cover and encase formidable volumes of urban space. Stable and steadfast, these solid materials have provided the basis for modern city life to unfold. ",[],{"_key":575,"_type":8,"children":576,"markDefs":581,"style":24},"f170fb96e629",[577],{"_key":578,"_type":12,"marks":579,"text":580},"84edaa18348a",[],"In contrast, many urban areas are rooted deeply in a watery past. Cities such as Berlin, New Orleans, Mumbai, Zurich, or Mexico City were built on wetlands, marshes and floodplains. Living amphibiously, with dynamic wet-and-dry relationships, was the rule, not the exception, for humans and more-than-humans alike. In these muddy habitats, the occurrence of manifold amphibious creatures signified not only flourishing landscapes but also the existence of those vital, watery conditions, which all life depends on. ",[],{"_key":583,"_type":8,"children":584,"markDefs":589,"style":24},"ce7773031013",[585],{"_key":586,"_type":12,"marks":587,"text":588},"acef788ecdb4",[],"The strategic elimination of open urban water bodies, the extensive sealing of urban soil and greenspace, as well as the radical reductionist rainwater management of the past decades influence the life of all city creatures in existential ways. Concrete surfaces can’t absorb water, turning heavy rainfalls into raging urban floods, hot summer days into deadly urban heat islands and previously flourishing volumes of vegetation into completely dry, artificial spaces. As a result, the quality of city life decreases, serious health issues emerge, amphibians go extinct, and finally, critical tipping points and collapsing ecosystems become tangible realities.",[],{"_key":591,"_type":8,"children":592,"markDefs":597,"style":24},"430c5b149c5a",[593],{"_key":594,"_type":12,"marks":595,"text":596},"d896620452b3",[],"To avoid such urban doomsday scenarios, it is time to learn and think about future urban worlds from the wet, fluid and muddy again. New ways of designing urban porosity and permeability are urgently needed. The first issue of Shared Habitats reimagines the city as a place of amphibious living. It seeks to understand the needs and living conditions of various forms of life such as frogs, toads and salamanders, at the margins of the wet and dry. And it explores urgent questions such as: How can we think, plan, and design urban spaces that allow the seemingly antagonistic elements of water and land to coexist, intermingle and provide the very basic living conditions, both for our amphibious neighbors and in the long-run, for all urbanites? How could we  transmogrify the solid into the soft and spongy? How can we reactivate the roots of the urban, demystify those muddy grounds and generate new fluid thoughts? How can we create and inhabit new pluriversal urban spaces that allow life to unfold amphibiously?",[],[599,607,615,623,631,639,647,655,663,685,693,708,716,735,743,751,759,766],{"_key":600,"_type":8,"children":601,"markDefs":606,"style":24},"e1ea4af94c78",[602],{"_key":603,"_type":12,"marks":604,"text":605},"613008fd8e4c0",[],"The Shared Habitats editions are co-developed with alternating academic and non-academic institutions. The publication of the very first edition ‘Amphibious Living’ is realized in collaboration with the Chair of Italian Studies and Environmental Humanities at the University of St. Gallen.",[],{"_key":608,"_type":8,"children":609,"markDefs":614,"style":16},"dfacb195a7fa",[610],{"_key":611,"_type":12,"marks":612,"text":613},"7e4f2cfa27c60",[],"Concept and Editors-in-Chief",[],{"_key":616,"_type":8,"children":617,"markDefs":622,"style":24},"7f05f2bfbebf",[618],{"_key":619,"_type":12,"marks":620,"text":621},"c82c1091b2790",[],"Flurina Gradin, Wild Spots\nChristoph Miler, Offshore Studio",[],{"_key":624,"_type":8,"children":625,"markDefs":630,"style":16},"b5226c1c36f4",[626],{"_key":627,"_type":12,"marks":628,"text":629},"5b379de22fd7",[],"Advisory Board",[],{"_key":632,"_type":8,"children":633,"markDefs":638,"style":24},"ae478dd3314a",[634],{"_key":635,"_type":12,"marks":636,"text":637},"411c7340028d",[],"Nitin Bathla, University of Zurich\nAlice Iacobone, University of St. Gallen\nFederico Luisetti, University of St. Gallen\nTamaki Ohmura, University of Zurich\nMadeleine Geiger, Naturmuseum St. Gallen and SWILD",[],{"_key":640,"_type":8,"children":641,"markDefs":646,"style":16},"8025eea8460c",[642],{"_key":643,"_type":12,"marks":644,"text":645},"da4651efa7660",[],"Authors and Contributors",[],{"_key":648,"_type":8,"children":649,"markDefs":654,"style":24},"2c9e086e1f5c",[650],{"_key":651,"_type":12,"marks":652,"text":653},"c8c699c4cfe60",[],"Jonas Barandun, Simon Gaus Caprez, Andrew Cunningham, Sandeep Das, Felix Frankowiak, Nicolas Gattlen, Michael Hindelang, Stefan Hose, Stefan Ineichen, Krysia Jędrzejewska-Szmek, Sebastian Meyer, Kirsten Parris, Niklaus Peyer, Davide Köpfli, Federico Luisetti, Christoph Noger, Christian Ratti, Olga Roszkowska, Max Ruckstuhl, Pola Salicka, Katharina Schulthess, Ariann Schwarz, Andrea Strässle, Elena Valter",[],{"_key":656,"_type":8,"children":657,"markDefs":662,"style":16},"21228cfe8a0e",[658],{"_key":659,"_type":12,"marks":660,"text":661},"1c3cf56635920",[],"Design",[],{"_key":664,"_type":8,"children":665,"markDefs":680,"style":24},"d8076c7d531e",[666,671,675],{"_key":667,"_type":12,"marks":668,"text":670},"1eceac1209e70",[669],"58b3d04cc2b2","Reinhard Schmidt",{"_key":672,"_type":12,"marks":673,"text":674},"1eceac1209e71",[]," \n",{"_key":676,"_type":12,"marks":677,"text":679},"1eceac1209e72",[678],"0a88a1a50909","Nadine Wüthrich",[681,683],{"_key":669,"_type":90,"href":682},"http://www.reinhard-schmidt.ch/",{"_key":678,"_type":90,"href":684},"https://nadinewuethrich.ch/",{"_key":686,"_type":8,"children":687,"markDefs":692,"style":16},"197685e33f79",[688],{"_key":689,"_type":12,"marks":690,"text":691},"de7a4dc7a2bd0",[],"Programming",[],{"_key":694,"_type":8,"children":695,"markDefs":705,"style":24},"ff261474601e",[696,701],{"_key":697,"_type":12,"marks":698,"text":700},"7038d0af0a610",[699],"aa88432940b5","Julian Schmidt",{"_key":702,"_type":12,"marks":703,"text":704},"8360191bc20d",[]," (2022-2026)\nDominik Werder (since 2026)",[706],{"_key":699,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":707},"https://julianschmidt.me",{"_key":709,"_type":8,"children":710,"markDefs":715,"style":16},"7e9821dae9c5",[711],{"_key":712,"_type":12,"marks":713,"text":714},"181685e59383",[],"Interactive Page Cover",[],{"_key":717,"_type":8,"children":718,"markDefs":732,"style":24},"a712e28da7c7",[719,723,728],{"_key":720,"_type":12,"marks":721,"text":722},"bea2a669f9d0",[],"Based on the ",{"_key":724,"_type":12,"marks":725,"text":727},"4c1899a6b2ef",[726],"519c241a23c9","Organic Grids",{"_key":729,"_type":12,"marks":730,"text":731},"79435178fdd6",[]," by Nahuel Gerth, further alterations with Claude.ai. Consultancy Hybrid Generation: Julien Taquet (Coko-Foundation).",[733],{"_key":726,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":734},"https://nahuelgerth.de/lab/organic-grids",{"_key":736,"_type":8,"children":737,"markDefs":742,"style":16},"4f015b55a126",[738],{"_key":739,"_type":12,"marks":740,"text":741},"f4d866b321a10",[],"Printed Version",[],{"_key":744,"_type":8,"children":745,"markDefs":750,"style":24},"a5b6ad331dc4",[746],{"_key":747,"_type":12,"marks":748,"text":749},"3dd3dbb061c0",[],"The printed version of the edition Amphibious Living will be released by the end of 2026. Please reach out if you would like to receive informations about the venue.",[],{"_key":752,"_type":8,"children":753,"markDefs":758,"style":16},"e1e339175379",[754],{"_key":755,"_type":12,"marks":756,"text":757},"4b4b996a3726",[],"Imprint",[],{"_key":760,"_type":8,"children":761,"markDefs":765,"style":24},"8bb53ee61a02",[762],{"_key":747,"_type":12,"marks":763,"text":764},[],"Chair of Italian Studies and Environmental Humanities\nUniversity of St. Gallen\nUnterer Graben 21\n9000 St. Gallen\n\nCopyright © 2026",[],{"_key":767,"_type":8,"children":768,"markDefs":773,"style":24},"2302b764471d",[769],{"_key":770,"_type":12,"marks":771,"text":772},"0a1f350d7be5",[],"",[],"Editorial",{"label":489,"value":776},"rgb(185, 118, 46)","Info",{"_type":186,"current":412},"Amphibious Living",[781],{"_id":415,"blurb":782,"downloads":174,"edition":788,"number":789,"title":779},[783],{"_key":493,"_type":8,"children":784,"markDefs":787,"style":24},[785],{"_key":496,"_type":12,"marks":786,"text":498},[],[],{"_type":186,"current":411},{"_type":186,"current":412},[791,840,891,941],{"_id":792,"content":793,"relatedArticles":174,"slug":837,"title":839},"e94761ef-ed87-4a49-9e40-1b1cbc5c4435",[794],{"_key":795,"_type":8,"children":796,"markDefs":832,"style":24},"c5c36206ef9f",[797,802,806,810,814,819,823,828],{"_key":798,"_type":12,"marks":799,"text":801},"eb2ff821e3a2",[800],"em","Chytridiomycosis",{"_key":803,"_type":12,"marks":804,"text":805},"1322c371ec30",[],", or short ",{"_key":807,"_type":12,"marks":808,"text":809},"0c5cfc182572",[800],"Chytrid",{"_key":811,"_type":12,"marks":812,"text":813},"d326914f9c42",[],", is an infectious disease of amphibians caused by a fungus, which is significantly impacting populations across the globe. The ",{"_key":815,"_type":12,"marks":816,"text":818},"66002931f72a",[817],"7622926c03c1","emerging disease",{"_key":820,"_type":12,"marks":821,"text":822},"943cd372ffea",[]," has been found in over 1,300 species, causing the decline or complete extinction of hundreds of species of frogs and other amphibians. Chytrid was ",{"_key":824,"_type":12,"marks":825,"text":827},"a05869d9b929",[826],"323c93e63bdf","identified",{"_key":829,"_type":12,"marks":830,"text":831},"971fb9a312e0",[]," and described in 1998 after massive mortality events in Australia and Central America involving several species of frog. Further studies have suggested that the fungus originated on the Korean peninsula and was globally distributed by the late 1800s or early 1900s.",[833,835],{"_key":817,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":834,"linkType":92,"title":834},"https://cwhl.vet.cornell.edu/resource/chytridiomycosis",{"_key":826,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":836,"linkType":92,"title":836},"https://www.zsl.org/what-we-do/projects/amphibian-chytridiomycosis",{"_type":186,"current":838},"chytridiomycosis","Chytridiomycosis ",{"_id":841,"content":842,"relatedArticles":174,"slug":889,"title":853},"19617417-5eef-4763-b136-3edcb53e7363",[843],{"_key":844,"_type":8,"children":845,"markDefs":884,"style":24},"d942fdbde6d4",[846,850,854,858,863,867,872,876,880],{"_key":847,"_type":12,"marks":848,"text":849},"2675c878750c",[],"The term ",{"_key":851,"_type":12,"marks":852,"text":853},"9fb8f4ce91c3",[800],"Habitat",{"_key":855,"_type":12,"marks":856,"text":857},"1e779190c64b",[]," describes the ",{"_key":859,"_type":12,"marks":860,"text":862},"ebf4e6092689",[861],"197505f2e4b7","resources and conditions",{"_key":864,"_type":12,"marks":865,"text":866},"2c18b8f88bf7",[]," present in an area that produce occupancy, which may include survival and reproduction by a given organism. Habitat is organism-specific and is more than vegetation or vegetation structure. Physical and biotic ",{"_key":868,"_type":12,"marks":869,"text":871},"cc7ecc5335e4",[870],"2c4710af262e","factors",{"_key":873,"_type":12,"marks":874,"text":875},"45e93d80d8cd",[]," may include soil, moisture, temperature, and light intensity, as well as the availability of food and the presence or absence of predators. The widespread use of the term in biology can be traced back to naturalist Carl von Linné, who—in his 1753 work ",{"_key":877,"_type":12,"marks":878,"text":879},"37f4cedc3b8a",[800],"Species Plantarum",{"_key":881,"_type":12,"marks":882,"text":883},"99c14165fbfe",[],"—started the description of each species with the Latin words “habitat in…”, which translates as “lives in…”.",[885,887],{"_key":861,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":886,"linkType":92,"title":886},"https://wildlife.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jwmg.21121",{"_key":870,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":888,"linkType":92,"title":888},"https://sciencenotes.org/habitat-definition-types-and-examples/",{"_type":186,"current":890},"habitat",{"_id":892,"content":893,"relatedArticles":174,"slug":938,"title":940},"e6fc9fc2-80a9-49bd-b876-6fd8ee85f9ba",[894,924],{"_key":895,"_type":8,"children":896,"markDefs":919,"style":24},"dbbcd9664e2d",[897,901,906,910,915],{"_key":898,"_type":12,"marks":899,"text":900},"d67b8a0f5bb5",[],"Pondscape, short for pond landscape, refers to a network of ponds, which are restored or created to enhance ecosystems and societal ",{"_key":902,"_type":12,"marks":903,"text":905},"42167e486fd1",[904],"341dab907271","resilience",{"_key":907,"_type":12,"marks":908,"text":909},"90bcf821d30e",[],". Pondscapes act as networks of habitats that provide protection for endangered species such as amphibians, but also numerous ecosystem services such as water purification, climate regulation, and the promotion of biodiversity. Pondscaping is a ",{"_key":911,"_type":12,"marks":912,"text":914},"fd03f3969146",[913],"cc79613d0157","valuable measure",{"_key":916,"_type":12,"marks":917,"text":918},"077bd0c5c02f",[]," since ponds are one of the most species-rich freshwater habitats—yet in Europe alone between 50% and 90% of ponds have been lost due to agricultural production, urbanization and pollution.\n",[920,922],{"_key":904,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":921,"linkType":92,"title":921},"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479724009782",{"_key":913,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":923,"linkType":92,"title":923},"https://www.ecologic.eu/19878",{"_key":925,"_type":8,"children":926,"markDefs":935,"style":24},"f557f64a061a",[927,930],{"_key":898,"_type":12,"marks":928,"text":929},[],"Appears in:\n",{"_key":931,"_type":12,"marks":932,"text":934},"fe870f6a0dce",[933],"8418e4b8f1ad","Embracing the Amphibious Urban",[936],{"_key":933,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":937,"linkType":92,"title":937},"https://sharedhabitats.ch/amphibious-living/embracing-the-amphibious-urban#headline-c2afe3d31487",{"_type":186,"current":939},"pondscape","Pondscape ",{"_id":942,"content":943,"relatedArticles":174,"slug":998,"title":1000},"d2500424-a36b-40f1-973a-0ded6a2ca644",[944,974],{"_key":945,"_type":8,"children":946,"markDefs":969,"style":24},"18b264000224",[947,951,956,960,965],{"_key":948,"_type":12,"marks":949,"text":950},"62e160724d84",[],"Sponge city is an urban ",{"_key":952,"_type":12,"marks":953,"text":955},"80c137070d75",[954],"566915a4b4d0","planning model",{"_key":957,"_type":12,"marks":958,"text":959},"fe5fae74667c",[]," that utilizes natural drainage systems and green-blue infrastructures to reduce the likelihood of flooding, water shortages, and the urban heat island effect. Design strategies include, for instance, the creation of parks, gardens, wetlands, nature strips, and permeable paving, which mitigate floods by serving as reservoirs that slow down, capture, retain and absorb excess stormwater. The ",{"_key":961,"_type":12,"marks":962,"text":964},"a82b09d3b037",[963],"4b93cfc74ee7","various aspects",{"_key":966,"_type":12,"marks":967,"text":968},"00b645e04416",[]," of a sponge city will improve ecological biodiversity for urban wildlife and . The concept has been inspired by ancient ways of adapting to climate challenges, particularly in the monsoon regions in southeastern China, which are prone to flash floods.",[970,972],{"_key":954,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":971,"linkType":92,"title":971},"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/%E2%80%9CSPONGE-CITY%E2%80%9D%3A-THEORY-AND-PRACTICE-Yu/9017aabea38610909b18c93b199a53c6a4788598",{"_key":963,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":973,"linkType":92,"title":973},"https://www.arup.com/insights/sponginess-and-why-it-matters/",{"_key":975,"_type":8,"children":976,"markDefs":993,"style":24},"a71671aa68e5",[977,980,984,988],{"_key":978,"_type":12,"marks":979,"text":929},"28a42ee6ebff",[],{"_key":981,"_type":12,"marks":982,"text":934},"dfcb4198202a",[983],"430523d78239",{"_key":985,"_type":12,"marks":986,"text":987},"970bb486d45a",[],"\n",{"_key":989,"_type":12,"marks":990,"text":992},"d7bea143d253",[991],"6e49f732ffb5","Perspektiven geteilter Lebensräume",[994,996],{"_key":983,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":995,"linkType":92,"title":995},"https://sharedhabitats.ch/amphibious-living/embracing-the-amphibious-urban#headline-f4b3a5e5d624",{"_key":991,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":997,"linkType":92,"title":997},"https://sharedhabitats.ch/amphibious-living/perspektiven-geteilter-lebensraeume",{"_type":186,"current":999},"sponge-city","Sponge City ",{"_createdAt":1002,"_id":1003,"_rev":1004,"_system":1005,"_type":1003,"_updatedAt":1008,"content":1009,"title":109},"2023-07-05T15:14:28Z","about","2Ja1vG7biIb634RK9R6aqh",{"base":1006},{"id":1003,"rev":1007},"8ejm7yxhwRT4gOeFRzZcFP","2026-05-04T19:27:29Z",[1010,1015,1020,1025,1030,1035,1040,1045,1050,1060,1065],{"_key":7,"_type":8,"children":1011,"markDefs":1014,"style":16},[1012],{"_key":11,"_type":12,"marks":1013,"text":14},[],[],{"_key":18,"_type":8,"children":1016,"markDefs":1019,"style":24},[1017],{"_key":11,"_type":12,"marks":1018,"text":22},[],[],{"_key":26,"_type":8,"children":1021,"markDefs":1024,"style":24},[1022],{"_key":29,"_type":12,"marks":1023,"text":31},[],[],{"_key":34,"_type":8,"children":1026,"markDefs":1029,"style":16},[1027],{"_key":37,"_type":12,"marks":1028,"text":39},[],[],{"_key":42,"_type":8,"children":1031,"markDefs":1034,"style":24},[1032],{"_key":45,"_type":12,"marks":1033,"text":47},[],[],{"_key":50,"_type":8,"children":1036,"markDefs":1039,"style":16},[1037],{"_key":53,"_type":12,"marks":1038,"text":55},[],[],{"_key":58,"_type":8,"children":1041,"markDefs":1044,"style":24},[1042],{"_key":61,"_type":12,"marks":1043,"text":63},[],[],{"_key":66,"_type":8,"children":1046,"markDefs":1049,"style":16},[1047],{"_key":61,"_type":12,"marks":1048,"text":70},[],[],{"_key":73,"_type":8,"children":1051,"markDefs":1058,"style":24},[1052,1054,1056],{"_key":76,"_type":12,"marks":1053,"text":78},[],{"_key":80,"_type":12,"marks":1055,"text":83},[82],{"_key":85,"_type":12,"marks":1057,"text":87},[],[1059],{"_key":82,"_type":90,"href":91,"linkType":92,"title":91},{"_key":94,"_type":8,"children":1061,"markDefs":1064,"style":16},[1062],{"_key":97,"_type":12,"marks":1063,"text":99},[],[],{"_key":102,"_type":8,"children":1066,"markDefs":1069,"style":24},[1067],{"_key":105,"_type":12,"marks":1068,"text":107},[],[],[1071,1559,1968,2354,2373,2721,3090,3475,3882],{"_id":1072,"category":1073,"citation":1078,"content":1117,"slug":1556,"title":1558},"05bd8664-e085-443a-92db-0280d064deb9",{"_id":1074,"slug":1075,"title":1077},"f09179a5-0a40-4911-a68a-3a3d081c433c",{"_type":186,"current":1076},"amphibians","Amphibians",[1079,1098],{"_key":1080,"_type":8,"children":1081,"markDefs":1095,"style":24},"adf2472c9268",[1082,1086,1091],{"_key":1083,"_type":12,"marks":1084,"text":1085},"46fa2cbdda64",[],"More information on the alpine newt: ",{"_key":1087,"_type":12,"marks":1088,"text":1090},"d0abfe3bb8d0",[1089],"51a0701c9f72","Karch.ch",{"_key":1092,"_type":12,"marks":1093,"text":1094},"ed4f9ba09560",[],".",[1096],{"_key":1089,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1097,"linkType":92,"title":1097},"https://www.infofauna.ch/de/beratungsstellen/amphibien-karch/die-amphibien/arten/triton-alpestre#gsc.tab=0",{"_key":1099,"_type":8,"children":1100,"markDefs":1114,"style":24},"89c569f56829",[1101,1105,1110],{"_key":1102,"_type":12,"marks":1103,"text":1104},"882032929a5d",[],"The text was reproduced with the kind permission of Haupt Verlag from the book ",{"_key":1106,"_type":12,"marks":1107,"text":1109},"1c87a86dcd8e",[800,1108],"86aabb996686","Neue Stadtfauna",{"_key":1111,"_type":12,"marks":1112,"text":1113},"be3ed0ce3036",[]," (2022) and expanded with details provided by info species. All images © Wikicommons.",[1115],{"_key":1108,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1116,"linkType":92,"title":1116},"https://haupt.ch/neue-stadtfauna/2329783258083070?srsltid=AfmBOopeArfFGALdfo2pKuxfe_tsZH8hXGEQKuD2kPL2Q4baN41PzKyw",[1118,1160,1176,1380,1417,1425,1434,1441,1448,1455,1463,1471,1505,1512,1519,1526,1533,1540,1548],{"_type":1119,"image":1120,"markDefs":174},"pictureTitled",{"_key":1121,"_type":1119,"asset":1122},"ff02da4393aa",{"_createdAt":1123,"_id":1124,"_rev":1125,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":1126,"assetId":1127,"extension":119,"metadata":1128,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":1155,"path":1156,"sha1hash":1127,"size":1157,"uploadId":1158,"url":1159},"2026-04-30T13:29:12Z","image-a4336ba90910e88b4efdbc40831627da3fc87258-2500x1850-jpg","gtUcc5GAbVP6IlcjzIEcga","2026-04-30T13:29:13Z","a4336ba90910e88b4efdbc40831627da3fc87258",{"_type":121,"blurHash":1129,"dimensions":1130,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":1134,"palette":1135},"V4FE1N]hzT*0a0yDAG+Z}?o~{bS6F3wHOZs*^2E,E+9Z",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},1.3513513513513513,1850,2500,"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":1136,"darkVibrant":1139,"dominant":1142,"lightMuted":1145,"lightVibrant":1148,"muted":1151,"vibrant":1154},{"_type":134,"background":1137,"foreground":136,"population":1138,"title":136},"#603c33",4.27,{"_type":134,"background":1140,"foreground":136,"population":1141,"title":136},"#7d1c07",0.01,{"_type":134,"background":1143,"foreground":136,"population":1144,"title":136},"#ab644a",6.51,{"_type":134,"background":1146,"foreground":146,"population":1147,"title":136},"#abb1be",0.51,{"_type":134,"background":1149,"foreground":146,"population":1150,"title":136},"#d39273",5.55,{"_type":134,"background":1152,"foreground":136,"population":1153,"title":136},"#8d655c",6.5,{"_type":134,"background":1143,"foreground":136,"population":1144,"title":136},"Junger_Bergmolch_Wiki.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/a4336ba90910e88b4efdbc40831627da3fc87258-2500x1850.jpg",1108713,"WkoWJWReJarPmkfrGFd1akUT5s3yXh2a","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/a4336ba90910e88b4efdbc40831627da3fc87258-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":1161,"_type":8,"children":1162,"markDefs":1175,"style":24},"3928d13bd0d0",[1163,1167,1171],{"_key":1164,"_type":12,"marks":1165,"text":1166},"5ef4d2acd576",[],"\nThe alpine newt (",{"_key":1168,"_type":12,"marks":1169,"text":1170},"340c4b649466",[800],"Ichthyosaura alpestris",{"_key":1172,"_type":12,"marks":1173,"text":1174},"e2c30ac15d7e",[],") rapidly colonises new water bodies, whose emerging algal scent it seems to detect. It particularly benefits from newly created, near-natural garden ponds and small bodies of water. The animal often appears toward the end of February, coinciding with the breeding season of the common frog, whose eggs the alpine newt readily feeds on. Larvae have external gill tufts behind the head. In cold waters, they can occasionally stay over the winter. Both larvae and adult newts are predatory.",[],{"_type":1177,"markDefs":174,"rows":1178},"definitionTable",[1179,1198,1218,1238,1258,1278,1298,1318,1338,1358,1378],{"_key":1180,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1181,"term":174,"termRich":1189},"5a42a6b709ad",[1182],{"_key":1183,"_type":8,"children":1184,"markDefs":1188,"style":24},"ae112eba11b6",[1185],{"_key":1186,"_type":12,"marks":1187,"text":1170},"30be0bd3dcdb",[800],[],[1190],{"_key":1191,"_type":8,"children":1192,"markDefs":1197,"style":24},"a3d69948af43",[1193],{"_key":1194,"_type":12,"marks":1195,"text":1196},"41247161ebcd",[],"Scientific name",[],{"_key":1199,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1200,"term":174,"termRich":1209},"f7d8bdcf2661",[1201],{"_key":1202,"_type":8,"children":1203,"markDefs":1208,"style":24},"58978b1646b4",[1204],{"_key":1205,"_type":12,"marks":1206,"text":1207},"1308bda0bc1b",[],"Bergmolch",[],[1210],{"_key":1211,"_type":8,"children":1212,"markDefs":1217,"style":24},"928f1b2ef273",[1213],{"_key":1214,"_type":12,"marks":1215,"text":1216},"5da7a5ebcdb6",[],"German name",[],{"_key":1219,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1220,"term":174,"termRich":1229},"af1008b9d71b",[1221],{"_key":1222,"_type":8,"children":1223,"markDefs":1228,"style":24},"94c65a4c5f1d",[1224],{"_key":1225,"_type":12,"marks":1226,"text":1227},"a57f44198745",[],"Least concern (LC)",[],[1230],{"_key":1231,"_type":8,"children":1232,"markDefs":1237,"style":24},"ffbed24f18f6",[1233],{"_key":1234,"_type":12,"marks":1235,"text":1236},"2a5e53a487d7",[],"IUCR red list",[],{"_key":1239,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1240,"term":174,"termRich":1249},"82d186d1a552",[1241],{"_key":1242,"_type":8,"children":1243,"markDefs":1248,"style":24},"20287d5fa5c4",[1244],{"_key":1245,"_type":12,"marks":1246,"text":1247},"25ce6622ca32",[],"–",[],[1250],{"_key":1251,"_type":8,"children":1252,"markDefs":1257,"style":24},"71749d2e367c",[1253],{"_key":1254,"_type":12,"marks":1255,"text":1256},"43e93b998d4f",[],"CH national priority species",[],{"_key":1259,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1260,"term":174,"termRich":1269},"e2470ef5bd78",[1261],{"_key":1262,"_type":8,"children":1263,"markDefs":1268,"style":24},"e02abe688a82",[1264],{"_key":1265,"_type":12,"marks":1266,"text":1267},"8a04b5580868",[],"8–10 cm",[],[1270],{"_key":1271,"_type":8,"children":1272,"markDefs":1277,"style":24},"8430bcaef729",[1273],{"_key":1274,"_type":12,"marks":1275,"text":1276},"30d248ff7582",[],"Size",[],{"_key":1279,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1280,"term":174,"termRich":1289},"ebdf2df33571",[1281],{"_key":1282,"_type":8,"children":1283,"markDefs":1288,"style":24},"55a72e7c23a0",[1284],{"_key":1285,"_type":12,"marks":1286,"text":1287},"1e51965a59db",[],"Spawn of the common frog, all kind of tiny organisms, worms, snails",[],[1290],{"_key":1291,"_type":8,"children":1292,"markDefs":1297,"style":24},"3b4485f5a31e",[1293],{"_key":1294,"_type":12,"marks":1295,"text":1296},"80152647b511",[],"Food",[],{"_key":1299,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1300,"term":174,"termRich":1309},"3989dae0858a",[1301],{"_key":1302,"_type":8,"children":1303,"markDefs":1308,"style":24},"e0ed8a4377b2",[1304],{"_key":1305,"_type":12,"marks":1306,"text":1307},"eb3228c9e845",[],"All over the country, up to 2500 masl",[],[1310],{"_key":1311,"_type":8,"children":1312,"markDefs":1317,"style":24},"30138a838f66",[1313],{"_key":1314,"_type":12,"marks":1315,"text":1316},"b344746782e6",[],"CH Distribution",[],{"_key":1319,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1320,"term":174,"termRich":1329},"e861cf539146",[1321],{"_key":1322,"_type":8,"children":1323,"markDefs":1328,"style":24},"4c10b41ce554",[1324],{"_key":1325,"_type":12,"marks":1326,"text":1327},"335b57e3d25a",[],"End of February to mid-October",[],[1330],{"_key":1331,"_type":8,"children":1332,"markDefs":1337,"style":24},"009d965b632c",[1333],{"_key":1334,"_type":12,"marks":1335,"text":1336},"82748012f7f1",[],"Annual cycle",[],{"_key":1339,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1340,"term":174,"termRich":1349},"389880c9b3e5",[1341],{"_key":1342,"_type":8,"children":1343,"markDefs":1348,"style":24},"e0ee826ce7af",[1344],{"_key":1345,"_type":12,"marks":1346,"text":1347},"3c8d8ff5c33a",[],"Months 3–5",[],[1350],{"_key":1351,"_type":8,"children":1352,"markDefs":1357,"style":24},"4f2c0916aae7",[1353],{"_key":1354,"_type":12,"marks":1355,"text":1356},"b8c2df1e5021",[],"Spawning season",[],{"_key":1359,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1360,"term":174,"termRich":1369},"63183614f938",[1361],{"_key":1362,"_type":8,"children":1363,"markDefs":1368,"style":24},"097be5dc4cbc",[1364],{"_key":1365,"_type":12,"marks":1366,"text":1367},"1693d0511757",[],"Fire salamander, great crested newt",[],[1370],{"_key":1371,"_type":8,"children":1372,"markDefs":1377,"style":24},"a135689db4af",[1373],{"_key":1374,"_type":12,"marks":1375,"text":1376},"0b52477a09c2",[],"Can be easily \nconfused with",[],{"_key":1379,"definition":174,"definitionRich":174,"term":174,"termRich":174},"eb7348434b04",{"_type":1119,"image":1381,"markDefs":174},{"_key":1382,"_type":1119,"asset":1383},"ccd813de4c18",{"_createdAt":1384,"_id":1385,"_rev":1386,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":1384,"assetId":1387,"extension":119,"metadata":1388,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":1412,"path":1413,"sha1hash":1387,"size":1414,"uploadId":1415,"url":1416},"2026-04-30T13:29:11Z","image-e5ead1a92271d9c28d72878996fbf2a3ee88309d-2500x1850-jpg","o0tNkHWVtuS3hBnA38zFjp","e5ead1a92271d9c28d72878996fbf2a3ee88309d",{"_type":121,"blurHash":1389,"dimensions":1390,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":1391,"palette":1392},"V77^i5Vt0hoxv}%1t6IpRks:03tQ}=M}O?58M|?F$%NH",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":1393,"darkVibrant":1396,"dominant":1399,"lightMuted":1402,"lightVibrant":1405,"muted":1408,"vibrant":1411},{"_type":134,"background":1394,"foreground":136,"population":1395,"title":136},"#324a5a",0.06,{"_type":134,"background":1397,"foreground":136,"population":1398,"title":136},"#652507",0.04,{"_type":134,"background":1400,"foreground":146,"population":1401,"title":136},"#e78815",1.87,{"_type":134,"background":1403,"foreground":146,"population":1404,"title":136},"#b6c5c0",1,{"_type":134,"background":1406,"foreground":146,"population":1407,"title":146},"#e8d491",0.08,{"_type":134,"background":1409,"foreground":136,"population":1410,"title":136},"#5f8090",0.12,{"_type":134,"background":1400,"foreground":146,"population":1401,"title":136},"Bergmolch_maennchen_wiki_annotation.psd.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/e5ead1a92271d9c28d72878996fbf2a3ee88309d-2500x1850.jpg",569773,"qSxEP6O1jz77rsEUxiQK9hRquCmMzWxt","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/e5ead1a92271d9c28d72878996fbf2a3ee88309d-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":1418,"_type":8,"children":1419,"markDefs":1424,"style":16},"48bb7e10ba8d",[1420],{"_key":1421,"_type":12,"marks":1422,"text":1423},"ec42fe7a0848",[],"CHARACTERISTICS (MALE)",[],{"_key":1426,"_type":8,"children":1427,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1433,"style":24},"059b6b3e4d67",[1428],{"_key":1429,"_type":12,"marks":1430,"text":1431},"dc7369698414",[],"Orange belly without spots [1]","bullet",[],{"_key":1435,"_type":8,"children":1436,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1440,"style":24},"622d05f8b61d",[1437],{"_key":1429,"_type":12,"marks":1438,"text":1439},[],"Black-yellow smooth-edged crest [2]",[],{"_key":1442,"_type":8,"children":1443,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1447,"style":24},"9bbc3ca7b252",[1444],{"_key":1429,"_type":12,"marks":1445,"text":1446},[],"Light blue flash along the flanks from the cheeks to the tail [3]",[],{"_key":1449,"_type":8,"children":1450,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1454,"style":24},"8e41d2eb61ec",[1451],{"_key":1429,"_type":12,"marks":1452,"text":1453},[],"White band with black spots on the sides [4]",[],{"_key":1456,"_type":8,"children":1457,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1462,"style":24},"4febbdca4fc6",[1458],{"_key":1459,"_type":12,"marks":1460,"text":1461},"e53b33bed513",[],"M terrestrial phase: dark black, without blue coloration, no crest, belly only weakly orange.",[],{"_key":1464,"_type":8,"children":1465,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1470,"style":24},"4ebff658ede8",[1466],{"_key":1467,"_type":12,"marks":1468,"text":1469},"83f808a6a88e",[],"Underside: an intensely orange-coloured, unspotted belly.\n\n",[],{"_type":1119,"image":1472,"markDefs":174},{"_key":1473,"_type":1119,"asset":1474},"bf3c29f8b34c",{"_createdAt":1123,"_id":1475,"_rev":1476,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":1123,"assetId":1477,"extension":119,"metadata":1478,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":1500,"path":1501,"sha1hash":1477,"size":1502,"uploadId":1503,"url":1504},"image-5009d4abd37f8c88ce0e99a3890873a56554aee8-2500x1850-jpg","o0tNkHWVtuS3hBnA38zFqR","5009d4abd37f8c88ce0e99a3890873a56554aee8",{"_type":121,"blurHash":1479,"dimensions":1480,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":1481,"palette":1482},"V27dUc9a0M~UD*={-o9uNHs:00?G~A0M%L0357~BxFIp",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wAARCAAPABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAGAAAAgMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQFBgf/xAAhEAACAgICAQUAAAAAAAAAAAABAgMEABEFMRIGIkJhgf/EABUBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAED/8QAFxEBAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQARMf/aAAwDAQACEQMRAD8Aw2rx9UqrW7yR7+KDyOSx9HWZIpJ6lmGeNV8ho+4/mVh947x1+zTKtDIykMD339ZJHo1ROMi8bRuUcaYHRGGO8hZN2087oqs3YXrDHYy//9k=",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":1483,"darkVibrant":1485,"dominant":1487,"lightMuted":1490,"lightVibrant":1493,"muted":1496,"vibrant":1497},{"_type":134,"background":1484,"foreground":136,"population":1401,"title":136},"#4e3c2d",{"_type":134,"background":1486,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#5c2c04",{"_type":134,"background":1488,"foreground":136,"population":1489,"title":136},"#9f8874",3.33,{"_type":134,"background":1491,"foreground":146,"population":1492,"title":136},"#bcada3",0.27,{"_type":134,"background":1494,"foreground":146,"population":1495,"title":146},"#f1d782",0.15,{"_type":134,"background":1488,"foreground":136,"population":1489,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":1498,"foreground":146,"population":1499,"title":136},"#d09d24",0.29,"Bergmolch_weibchen_wiki_annotation.psd.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/5009d4abd37f8c88ce0e99a3890873a56554aee8-2500x1850.jpg",590356,"58m5o83GqIsjsiN6VNEoDRenRueK4pA3","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/5009d4abd37f8c88ce0e99a3890873a56554aee8-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":1506,"_type":8,"children":1507,"markDefs":1511,"style":16},"32d962ecc1dd",[1508],{"_key":1421,"_type":12,"marks":1509,"text":1510},[],"CHARACTERISTICS (FEMALE)",[],{"_key":1513,"_type":8,"children":1514,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1518,"style":24},"c527c7608619",[1515],{"_key":1467,"_type":12,"marks":1516,"text":1517},[],"Marble-like back without a crest [1]",[],{"_key":1520,"_type":8,"children":1521,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1525,"style":24},"0a3db40be14b",[1522],{"_key":1467,"_type":12,"marks":1523,"text":1524},[],"Orange belly without spots [2]",[],{"_key":1527,"_type":8,"children":1528,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1532,"style":24},"6297210549f5",[1529],{"_key":1467,"_type":12,"marks":1530,"text":1531},[],"Stocky head [3]",[],{"_key":1534,"_type":8,"children":1535,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1539,"style":24},"60acd7b153b1",[1536],{"_key":1467,"_type":12,"marks":1537,"text":1538},[],"Underside: females with an orange, unspotted belly (whereas the belly of the palmate newt is more yellowish).",[],{"_key":1541,"_type":8,"children":1542,"markDefs":1547,"style":16},"a7f43468f0c6",[1543],{"_key":1544,"_type":12,"marks":1545,"text":1546},"00db3deef8e6",[],"HABITAT",[],{"_key":1549,"_type":8,"children":1550,"markDefs":1555,"style":24},"a0095196003e",[1551],{"_key":1552,"_type":12,"marks":1553,"text":1554},"33eb9deb7855",[],"The alpine newt is widely distributed in urban areas. It is attracted by standing, both shaded and sunny water bodies, even sites without water vegetation, and remains in the water until June (unlike common toad and common frog). It lives in forests, reed beds, agricultural land and gardens, as long as suitable breeding waters are present. Over the winter, the alpine newt stays in immediate vicinity of the water bodies, in stone piles, leaf litter, dead wood, or shelters in and around buildings.",[],{"_type":186,"current":1557},"alpine-newt","Alpine newt",{"_id":1560,"category":1561,"citation":1563,"content":1601,"slug":1965,"title":1967},"18ef2cf1-0d8a-43ca-a249-9b3f0b39b117",{"_id":1074,"slug":1562,"title":1077},{"_type":186,"current":1076},[1564,1581],{"_key":1565,"_type":8,"children":1566,"markDefs":1578,"style":24},"fcbbdafb347c",[1567,1571,1575],{"_key":1568,"_type":12,"marks":1569,"text":1570},"66ccd85dcc25",[],"More information on the common frog: ",{"_key":1572,"_type":12,"marks":1573,"text":1090},"77913d28dcdc",[1574],"6c862200ea3e",{"_key":1576,"_type":12,"marks":1577,"text":1094},"9e81da5d6e0a",[],[1579],{"_key":1574,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1580,"linkType":92,"title":1580},"https://www.infofauna.ch/de/beratungsstellen/amphibien-karch/die-amphibien/arten/grasfrosch#gsc.tab=0",{"_key":1582,"_type":8,"children":1583,"markDefs":1599,"style":24},"0ea92cb46d14",[1584,1587,1591,1595],{"_key":1585,"_type":12,"marks":1586,"text":1104},"604f2955c3b0",[],{"_key":1588,"_type":12,"marks":1589,"text":1109},"e833f299037e",[800,1590],"296fb3f60489",{"_key":1592,"_type":12,"marks":1593,"text":1594},"45367f4aeb3e",[800]," ",{"_key":1596,"_type":12,"marks":1597,"text":1598},"4af326a74df7",[],"(2022) and expanded with details provided by info species. All images © Wikicommons.",[1600],{"_key":1590,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1116,"linkType":92,"title":1116},[1602,1639,1655,1847,1883,1891,1899,1906,1913,1920,1928,1936,1951,1958],{"_type":1119,"image":1603,"markDefs":174},{"_key":1604,"_type":1119,"asset":1605},"def6c80719f0",{"_createdAt":1606,"_id":1607,"_rev":1608,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":1606,"assetId":1609,"extension":119,"metadata":1610,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":1634,"path":1635,"sha1hash":1609,"size":1636,"uploadId":1637,"url":1638},"2026-05-07T15:22:35Z","image-ccbf6ab0cc0f170d31b330a4a836bf1b0963c041-2500x1850-jpg","7w6UtaYGFCs1ynfwHwhpEI","ccbf6ab0cc0f170d31b330a4a836bf1b0963c041",{"_type":121,"blurHash":1611,"dimensions":1612,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":1613,"palette":1614,"thumbHash":1633},"VAG+1]D+Xl%K9s.Z4pIWx@N@tgxtreNYbE4ox[,^s,oy",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":1615,"darkVibrant":1618,"dominant":1620,"lightMuted":1623,"lightVibrant":1626,"muted":1629,"vibrant":1630},{"_type":134,"background":1616,"foreground":136,"population":1617,"title":136},"#634f30",6.22,{"_type":134,"background":1619,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#3c7404",{"_type":134,"background":1621,"foreground":136,"population":1622,"title":136},"#918066",6.57,{"_type":134,"background":1624,"foreground":146,"population":1625,"title":136},"#cebaaf",0.45,{"_type":134,"background":1627,"foreground":146,"population":1628,"title":136},"#d4c095",5.5,{"_type":134,"background":1621,"foreground":136,"population":1622,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":1631,"foreground":136,"population":1632,"title":136},"#90a634",6.16,"nBkGHYKTKYgblYeaaAeqdXZ/iQRX","Grasfrosch_1_wiki.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/ccbf6ab0cc0f170d31b330a4a836bf1b0963c041-2500x1850.jpg",990051,"2oehx7yHu10gjotGW9sXlOaqxttaHtOy","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/ccbf6ab0cc0f170d31b330a4a836bf1b0963c041-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":1640,"_type":8,"children":1641,"markDefs":1654,"style":24},"fa3e8d597fcb",[1642,1646,1650],{"_key":1643,"_type":12,"marks":1644,"text":1645},"be6a081d3a2a",[],"\nIn Switzerland, common frogs (",{"_key":1647,"_type":12,"marks":1648,"text":1649},"04771a1c72ca",[800],"Rana temporaria",{"_key":1651,"_type":12,"marks":1652,"text":1653},"4fd5396fc111",[],") have been recorded in over 70% of all water bodies surveyed. Only in southern Ticino and the Geneva area the common frog is not the most common amphibian species. It often appears in large numbers at its spawning sites early in the year (activities starting at +4°C). During its annual migrations, many individuals fall victim to road traffic. The common frog stays closely tied to its birth waters, but will also spontaneously colonize new bodies of water. The female typically deposits a clump of spawn mass, usually in the shallow littoral zone. The large spawning masses contain up to 2,500 eggs, sometimes even more. In June, the young frogs leave the water and move to its terrestrial habitats. Over the winter, the common frog stays in the water, or in hiding places on land and in the soil.",[],{"_type":1177,"markDefs":174,"rows":1656},[1657,1675,1694,1712,1731,1750,1769,1788,1807,1826,1845],{"_key":1658,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1659,"term":174,"termRich":1667},"3a0aa7f71cdf",[1660],{"_key":1661,"_type":8,"children":1662,"markDefs":1666,"style":24},"cf4eefd69090",[1663],{"_key":1664,"_type":12,"marks":1665,"text":1649},"18967abdd8d8",[800],[],[1668],{"_key":1669,"_type":8,"children":1670,"markDefs":1674,"style":24},"bee6eb565a32",[1671],{"_key":1672,"_type":12,"marks":1673,"text":1196},"e428724f3318",[],[],{"_key":1676,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1677,"term":174,"termRich":1686},"fc2808cdb517",[1678],{"_key":1679,"_type":8,"children":1680,"markDefs":1685,"style":24},"d0f34dd0d7c8",[1681],{"_key":1682,"_type":12,"marks":1683,"text":1684},"86636b905400",[],"Grasfrosch",[],[1687],{"_key":1688,"_type":8,"children":1689,"markDefs":1693,"style":24},"94b2cbe1f978",[1690],{"_key":1691,"_type":12,"marks":1692,"text":1216},"4d5dd1895837",[],[],{"_key":1695,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1696,"term":174,"termRich":1704},"992b1464b59f",[1697],{"_key":1698,"_type":8,"children":1699,"markDefs":1703,"style":24},"23e3246db747",[1700],{"_key":1701,"_type":12,"marks":1702,"text":1227},"56c3e33b8cc8",[],[],[1705],{"_key":1706,"_type":8,"children":1707,"markDefs":1711,"style":24},"c24f0e971525",[1708],{"_key":1709,"_type":12,"marks":1710,"text":1236},"de5fce27c30f",[],[],{"_key":1713,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1714,"term":174,"termRich":1722},"ac755bcd91cf",[1715],{"_key":1716,"_type":8,"children":1717,"markDefs":1721,"style":24},"8a0ac9170563",[1718],{"_key":1719,"_type":12,"marks":1720,"text":1247},"fe1cec10b548",[],[],[1723],{"_key":1724,"_type":8,"children":1725,"markDefs":1730,"style":24},"ab7eaff96f48",[1726],{"_key":1727,"_type":12,"marks":1728,"text":1729},"cdef26deb422",[],"CH nat. priority",[],{"_key":1732,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1733,"term":174,"termRich":1742},"60be097b8a6d",[1734],{"_key":1735,"_type":8,"children":1736,"markDefs":1741,"style":24},"84f2a5e043ff",[1737],{"_key":1738,"_type":12,"marks":1739,"text":1740},"6b24cfa68ec6",[],"About 11 cm, M slightly maller than F",[],[1743],{"_key":1744,"_type":8,"children":1745,"markDefs":1749,"style":24},"3bf03e650721",[1746],{"_key":1747,"_type":12,"marks":1748,"text":1276},"d814bc96486b",[],[],{"_key":1751,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1752,"term":174,"termRich":1761},"d8a482612469",[1753],{"_key":1754,"_type":8,"children":1755,"markDefs":1760,"style":24},"7f27befc242a",[1756],{"_key":1757,"_type":12,"marks":1758,"text":1759},"2b718c67f887",[],"Insects, and other arthropods, snails, worms",[],[1762],{"_key":1763,"_type":8,"children":1764,"markDefs":1768,"style":24},"bc40e60cbd24",[1765],{"_key":1766,"_type":12,"marks":1767,"text":1296},"619609ffa702",[],[],{"_key":1770,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1771,"term":174,"termRich":1780},"5b8b11fc53b6",[1772],{"_key":1773,"_type":8,"children":1774,"markDefs":1779,"style":24},"9a51b1ab9be4",[1775],{"_key":1776,"_type":12,"marks":1777,"text":1778},"a514176ab81b",[],"All over the country, up to 2300, max. 2750 masl",[],[1781],{"_key":1782,"_type":8,"children":1783,"markDefs":1787,"style":24},"4ca8cbbb486b",[1784],{"_key":1785,"_type":12,"marks":1786,"text":1316},"8a30f3b8548c",[],[],{"_key":1789,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1790,"term":174,"termRich":1799},"2e1e9ea45931",[1791],{"_key":1792,"_type":8,"children":1793,"markDefs":1798,"style":24},"41e4b1332c6a",[1794],{"_key":1795,"_type":12,"marks":1796,"text":1797},"f99f5eb27b7a",[],"Mid/end February to mid-November",[],[1800],{"_key":1801,"_type":8,"children":1802,"markDefs":1806,"style":24},"aa5c84240b99",[1803],{"_key":1804,"_type":12,"marks":1805,"text":1336},"7275af53ac37",[],[],{"_key":1808,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1809,"term":174,"termRich":1818},"dd89577cb62a",[1810],{"_key":1811,"_type":8,"children":1812,"markDefs":1817,"style":24},"a68ecbc05dd2",[1813],{"_key":1814,"_type":12,"marks":1815,"text":1816},"24f60e6cf6e9",[],"Early spring (months 2–4)",[],[1819],{"_key":1820,"_type":8,"children":1821,"markDefs":1825,"style":24},"1c8fdb1779f4",[1822],{"_key":1823,"_type":12,"marks":1824,"text":1356},"e9ce41bab881",[],[],{"_key":1827,"definition":174,"definitionRich":1828,"term":174,"termRich":1837},"35783fb3b6e0",[1829],{"_key":1830,"_type":8,"children":1831,"markDefs":1836,"style":24},"bf204800fd7b",[1832],{"_key":1833,"_type":12,"marks":1834,"text":1835},"c8498dc1d92a",[],"Water frog, moor frog",[],[1838],{"_key":1839,"_type":8,"children":1840,"markDefs":1844,"style":24},"c6c24a526d79",[1841],{"_key":1842,"_type":12,"marks":1843,"text":1376},"c148035c9610",[],[],{"_key":1846,"definition":174,"definitionRich":174,"term":174,"termRich":174},"6a4f0b7184c2",{"_type":1119,"image":1848,"markDefs":174},{"_key":1849,"_type":1119,"asset":1850},"ac4670f1236e",{"_createdAt":1851,"_id":1852,"_rev":1853,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":1851,"assetId":1854,"extension":119,"metadata":1855,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":1878,"path":1879,"sha1hash":1854,"size":1880,"uploadId":1881,"url":1882},"2026-05-07T15:05:45Z","image-5d47c4e777377fb191994831371dba2e959f5bbd-2500x1850-jpg","7w6UtaYGFCs1ynfwHwaasB","5d47c4e777377fb191994831371dba2e959f5bbd",{"_type":121,"blurHash":1856,"dimensions":1857,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":1858,"palette":1859,"thumbHash":1877},"V6B3D@9#03^KWX-:-nM|E3WB03-S~9EQoI0M9u?F-nR-",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":1860,"darkVibrant":1863,"dominant":1865,"lightMuted":1868,"lightVibrant":1870,"muted":1873,"vibrant":1874},{"_type":134,"background":1861,"foreground":136,"population":1862,"title":136},"#7a6141",0.69,{"_type":134,"background":1864,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#944c04",{"_type":134,"background":1866,"foreground":146,"population":1867,"title":136},"#bc9d70",1.02,{"_type":134,"background":1869,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#7f5d19",{"_type":134,"background":1871,"foreground":146,"population":1872,"title":146},"#ecd29f",0.91,{"_type":134,"background":1866,"foreground":146,"population":1867,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":1875,"foreground":136,"population":1876,"title":136},"#9a6517",0.3,"jhgKHYQmeXaZZ3eQeliWdySXUGIJ","Grasfrosch_2_wiki_annotation.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/5d47c4e777377fb191994831371dba2e959f5bbd-2500x1850.jpg",818330,"zGkmEnTCHbF9VSmeZx3ZIdMNjvardHD6","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/5d47c4e777377fb191994831371dba2e959f5bbd-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":1884,"_type":8,"children":1885,"markDefs":1890,"style":16},"052809c86a0c",[1886],{"_key":1887,"_type":12,"marks":1888,"text":1889},"8d7f55a792c3",[],"CHARACTERISTICS",[],{"_key":1892,"_type":8,"children":1893,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1898,"style":24},"11d6de9ecea5",[1894],{"_key":1895,"_type":12,"marks":1896,"text":1897},"6572b7474e4b",[],"Blunt snout [1]",[],{"_key":1900,"_type":8,"children":1901,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1905,"style":24},"984ceb894c2f",[1902],{"_key":1895,"_type":12,"marks":1903,"text":1904},[],"Brown eyes with transparent horizontal pupils [2]",[],{"_key":1907,"_type":8,"children":1908,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1912,"style":24},"e23587a6f721",[1909],{"_key":1895,"_type":12,"marks":1910,"text":1911},[],"Dark spot behind the eye [3]",[],{"_key":1914,"_type":8,"children":1915,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1919,"style":24},"ca15b74cadfb",[1916],{"_key":1895,"_type":12,"marks":1917,"text":1918},[],"Prominent dorsal ridge [4]",[],{"_key":1921,"_type":8,"children":1922,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1927,"style":24},"3e2cc830afa1",[1923],{"_key":1924,"_type":12,"marks":1925,"text":1926},"2ffa3303ecc1",[],"Highly variable coloration and pigmentation all colors except green.",[],{"_key":1929,"_type":8,"children":1930,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1935,"style":24},"35361bd6befc",[1931],{"_key":1932,"_type":12,"marks":1933,"text":1934},"6fad4d00cdba",[],"Underside: F reddish, M whitish",[],{"_key":1937,"_type":8,"children":1938,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":1948,"style":24},"13375f41ff52",[1939,1943],{"_key":1940,"_type":12,"marks":1941,"text":1942},"dd056ecac97f",[],"Call: Males have two internal vocal sacs and produce a soft, low cooing or grunting call. ",{"_key":1944,"_type":12,"marks":1945,"text":1947},"6ff7cf2aad7f",[1946],"a03777e11de2","Listen here",[1949],{"_key":1946,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1950,"linkType":92,"title":1950},"https://www.infofauna.ch/de/beratungsstellen/amphibien-karch/die-amphibien/amphibienrufe#gsc.tab=0",{"_key":1952,"_type":8,"children":1953,"markDefs":1957,"style":16},"78d5c8e427e7",[1954],{"_key":1955,"_type":12,"marks":1956,"text":1546},"536ae0428415",[],[],{"_key":1959,"_type":8,"children":1960,"markDefs":1964,"style":24},"e8270282eb9a",[1961],{"_key":1955,"_type":12,"marks":1962,"text":1963},[],"The common frog prefers peatlands or mixed forests, and other moist habitats, including gardens as its habitats, but can not be found in extremely dry areas. It spawns in small bodies of water or shallow-water areas, both in standing waters and slow flowing streams. In urban areas, the common frog can be primarily found in residential areas close to forests, or along streams (that are serving as migration corridors).",[],{"_type":186,"current":1966},"common-frog","Common frog",{"_id":1969,"category":1970,"citation":1972,"content":2005,"slug":2351,"title":2353},"4a8f1029-55b6-4148-ac92-5a7f64cdaadc",{"_id":1074,"slug":1971,"title":1077},{"_type":186,"current":1076},[1973,1990],{"_key":1974,"_type":8,"children":1975,"markDefs":1987,"style":24},"ea2fddfbb0ae",[1976,1980,1984],{"_key":1977,"_type":12,"marks":1978,"text":1979},"78df9e67b868",[],"More information on the common toad: ",{"_key":1981,"_type":12,"marks":1982,"text":1090},"fc3d9520a591",[1983],"556e9cabb44b",{"_key":1985,"_type":12,"marks":1986,"text":1094},"754ff2c5a7bf",[],[1988],{"_key":1983,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1989,"linkType":92,"title":1989},"https://www.infofauna.ch/de/beratungsstellen/amphibien-karch/die-amphibien/arten/erdkroete#gsc.tab=0&gid=2&pid=7",{"_key":1991,"_type":8,"children":1992,"markDefs":2003,"style":24},"a695224402cb",[1993,1996,2000],{"_key":1994,"_type":12,"marks":1995,"text":1104},"45fc6c813e0a",[],{"_key":1997,"_type":12,"marks":1998,"text":1109},"d20d0e7d6092",[800,1999],"42afc82a97ee",{"_key":2001,"_type":12,"marks":2002,"text":1113},"4259e80e96b7",[],[2004],{"_key":1999,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1116,"linkType":92,"title":1116},[2006,2043,2059,2252,2289,2296,2303,2310,2317,2324,2336,2343],{"_type":1119,"image":2007,"markDefs":174},{"_key":2008,"_type":1119,"alt":2009,"asset":2010},"c108d6b65d16","Common toad in the water. © Wikicommons. ",{"_createdAt":2011,"_id":2012,"_rev":2013,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":2011,"assetId":2014,"extension":119,"metadata":2015,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":2038,"path":2039,"sha1hash":2014,"size":2040,"uploadId":2041,"url":2042},"2026-05-03T11:39:47Z","image-960ca845a67e2852061c68f7994afd0b714c30ae-2500x1850-jpg","2Ja1vG7biIb634RK9Cij0H","960ca845a67e2852061c68f7994afd0b714c30ae",{"_type":121,"blurHash":2016,"dimensions":2017,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":2018,"palette":2019,"thumbHash":2037},"V78D^Q-;02NF~V%LxaRkNGj?0La#~Vof4.9ZIUoexaNG",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wAARCAAPABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAGAAAAwEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMFAgf/xAAhEAACAgICAgMBAAAAAAAAAAABAgMEABEFBhIhExSRof/EABUBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB/8QAGREAAgMBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAECESEx/9oADAMBAAIRAxEAPwDkVSvxP2YaymSb5dKGPorjO5dck61dijtxsIZl842Vg2xkW1xU9YtK0pjYewQdn+Y7kues8jVrVLMjyrEoUM52d5JJ4wq4TGeLfrz/ADDMtAfI6bDID//Z",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":2020,"darkVibrant":2023,"dominant":2026,"lightMuted":2027,"lightVibrant":2030,"muted":2033,"vibrant":2035},{"_type":134,"background":2021,"foreground":136,"population":2022,"title":136},"#44433b",7.76,{"_type":134,"background":2024,"foreground":136,"population":2025,"title":136},"#6b5c19",0.36,{"_type":134,"background":2021,"foreground":136,"population":2022,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":2028,"foreground":146,"population":2029,"title":136},"#bdac98",3.47,{"_type":134,"background":2031,"foreground":146,"population":2032,"title":146},"#f4e3b8",0.4,{"_type":134,"background":2034,"foreground":146,"population":330,"title":136},"#b1945a",{"_type":134,"background":2036,"foreground":146,"population":330,"title":136},"#be992e","DAgGDYAN10mbZ4eCfiJkeCCLQmAa","Erdkroete_1_wiki.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/960ca845a67e2852061c68f7994afd0b714c30ae-2500x1850.jpg",875235,"vOYf38KIQsCim903azRCniAz4ufNOdWP","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/960ca845a67e2852061c68f7994afd0b714c30ae-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":2044,"_type":8,"children":2045,"markDefs":2058,"style":24},"202c12f753c5",[2046,2050,2054],{"_key":2047,"_type":12,"marks":2048,"text":2049},"36c05a43c88b",[],"\nThe common toad (",{"_key":2051,"_type":12,"marks":2052,"text":2053},"3ed6cf37cbf1",[800],"Bufo bufo",{"_key":2055,"_type":12,"marks":2056,"text":2057},"541bfb1e163f",[],") is a widespread amphibian species in Switzerland and ranks among the largest native toads. It is predominantly terrestrial and primarily nocturnal in its activity patterns. During the breeding season in spring, it migrates to lentic water bodies such as ponds and small pools and exhibits pronounced site fidelity. In the course of these breeding migrations, individuals may travel distances of up to two kilometres. As summer habitat (within a radius of less than 100 metres) it prefers mixed forests, hedgerows, and also urban gardens. A notable characteristic is its cutaneous toxin, which deters predators—thus, it is the only amphibian species in Switzerland capable of successfully reproducing in water bodies containing fish populations.",[],{"_type":1177,"markDefs":174,"rows":2060},[2061,2079,2098,2117,2136,2155,2173,2193,2212,2231,2250],{"_key":2062,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2063,"term":174,"termRich":2071},"01169f6392b2",[2064],{"_key":2065,"_type":8,"children":2066,"markDefs":2070,"style":24},"bb5c7cddf112",[2067],{"_key":2068,"_type":12,"marks":2069,"text":2053},"557f193110d5",[800],[],[2072],{"_key":2073,"_type":8,"children":2074,"markDefs":2078,"style":24},"a77af66d0764",[2075],{"_key":2076,"_type":12,"marks":2077,"text":1196},"e829b2ddec36",[],[],{"_key":2080,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2081,"term":174,"termRich":2090},"55274e74c59a",[2082],{"_key":2083,"_type":8,"children":2084,"markDefs":2089,"style":24},"2eb3dbd058ab",[2085],{"_key":2086,"_type":12,"marks":2087,"text":2088},"21361d09f94b",[],"Erdkröte",[],[2091],{"_key":2092,"_type":8,"children":2093,"markDefs":2097,"style":24},"5feb033d733d",[2094],{"_key":2095,"_type":12,"marks":2096,"text":1216},"02051649d30e",[],[],{"_key":2099,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2100,"term":174,"termRich":2108},"79bab5fe14a6",[2101],{"_key":2102,"_type":8,"children":2103,"markDefs":2107,"style":24},"8d927e9dd13c",[2104],{"_key":2105,"_type":12,"marks":2106,"text":1227},"1dffd1aa4e83",[],[],[2109],{"_key":2110,"_type":8,"children":2111,"markDefs":2116,"style":24},"13ead20ec240",[2112],{"_key":2113,"_type":12,"marks":2114,"text":2115},"592dd67fa1b8",[],"IUCN red list",[],{"_key":2118,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2119,"term":174,"termRich":2128},"75e3fd7cf8bb",[2120],{"_key":2121,"_type":8,"children":2122,"markDefs":2127,"style":24},"7244b4a37f7c",[2123],{"_key":2124,"_type":12,"marks":2125,"text":2126},"d1238da43bcd",[],"Class 4",[],[2129],{"_key":2130,"_type":8,"children":2131,"markDefs":2135,"style":24},"05cc2e8ba547",[2132],{"_key":2133,"_type":12,"marks":2134,"text":1729},"90ec36a33c03",[],[],{"_key":2137,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2138,"term":174,"termRich":2147},"e3abb2e003e7",[2139],{"_key":2140,"_type":8,"children":2141,"markDefs":2146,"style":24},"9639d3a0099d",[2142],{"_key":2143,"_type":12,"marks":2144,"text":2145},"bf6a76c0b588",[],"6–10 cm, M smaller than F",[],[2148],{"_key":2149,"_type":8,"children":2150,"markDefs":2154,"style":24},"6187523c7c0e",[2151],{"_key":2152,"_type":12,"marks":2153,"text":1276},"2f02df90b695",[],[],{"_key":2156,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2157,"term":174,"termRich":2165},"7a112ac6e3c3",[2158],{"_key":2159,"_type":8,"children":2160,"markDefs":2164,"style":24},"f32a3337285e",[2161],{"_key":2162,"_type":12,"marks":2163,"text":1759},"1c9596b92d08",[],[],[2166],{"_key":2167,"_type":8,"children":2168,"markDefs":2172,"style":24},"be37b711550a",[2169],{"_key":2170,"_type":12,"marks":2171,"text":1296},"970403315cb2",[],[],{"_key":2174,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2175,"term":174,"termRich":2184},"8bc3e5847849",[2176],{"_key":2177,"_type":8,"children":2178,"markDefs":2183,"style":24},"18488f20afed",[2179],{"_key":2180,"_type":12,"marks":2181,"text":2182},"f53b32ffda2d",[],"All over the country, up to 2200 masl",[],[2185],{"_key":2186,"_type":8,"children":2187,"markDefs":2192,"style":24},"2b84f05b8e7f",[2188],{"_key":2189,"_type":12,"marks":2190,"text":2191},"758210165e62",[],"CH distribution",[],{"_key":2194,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2195,"term":174,"termRich":2204},"50014ff54ec4",[2196],{"_key":2197,"_type":8,"children":2198,"markDefs":2203,"style":24},"e09a3f4cd955",[2199],{"_key":2200,"_type":12,"marks":2201,"text":2202},"c94f3b1b6033",[],"Early March to mid-October",[],[2205],{"_key":2206,"_type":8,"children":2207,"markDefs":2211,"style":24},"07753c8e4136",[2208],{"_key":2209,"_type":12,"marks":2210,"text":1336},"05571ddfef75",[],[],{"_key":2213,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2214,"term":174,"termRich":2223},"3e67945f44d4",[2215],{"_key":2216,"_type":8,"children":2217,"markDefs":2222,"style":24},"356565996aa0",[2218],{"_key":2219,"_type":12,"marks":2220,"text":2221},"4419ce2cd22e",[],"Early spring (months 3-4)",[],[2224],{"_key":2225,"_type":8,"children":2226,"markDefs":2230,"style":24},"13fb94117b52",[2227],{"_key":2228,"_type":12,"marks":2229,"text":1356},"a4c89a3f0198",[],[],{"_key":2232,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2233,"term":174,"termRich":2242},"1697a9b7ce7f",[2234],{"_key":2235,"_type":8,"children":2236,"markDefs":2241,"style":24},"39199bad6db8",[2237],{"_key":2238,"_type":12,"marks":2239,"text":2240},"26ae738f0e82",[],"Natterjack toad, midwife toad",[],[2243],{"_key":2244,"_type":8,"children":2245,"markDefs":2249,"style":24},"8256784af447",[2246],{"_key":2247,"_type":12,"marks":2248,"text":1376},"028e560a814b",[],[],{"_key":2251,"definition":174,"definitionRich":174,"term":174,"termRich":174},"326af26b2877",{"_type":1119,"image":2253,"markDefs":174},{"_key":2254,"_type":1119,"asset":2255},"2d8c7713033f",{"_createdAt":2256,"_id":2257,"_rev":2258,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":2256,"assetId":2259,"extension":119,"metadata":2260,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":2284,"path":2285,"sha1hash":2259,"size":2286,"uploadId":2287,"url":2288},"2026-05-03T10:54:41Z","image-f9814f81ec98d296107503ee9d8222890c2a9761-2500x1850-jpg","2Ja1vG7biIb634RK9C9js9","f9814f81ec98d296107503ee9d8222890c2a9761",{"_type":121,"blurHash":2261,"dimensions":2262,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":2263,"palette":2264,"thumbHash":2283},"V8AvqDof04xZ9b%0WDW=jsRk02NH~AWC%19wxZs+R+%1",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":2265,"darkVibrant":2268,"dominant":2271,"lightMuted":2274,"lightVibrant":2277,"muted":2279,"vibrant":2280},{"_type":134,"background":2266,"foreground":136,"population":2267,"title":136},"#4c3b24",0.88,{"_type":134,"background":2269,"foreground":136,"population":2270,"title":136},"#6e4d12",0.1,{"_type":134,"background":2272,"foreground":136,"population":2273,"title":136},"#a18557",10.08,{"_type":134,"background":2275,"foreground":146,"population":2276,"title":136},"#c7b293",0.86,{"_type":134,"background":2278,"foreground":146,"population":327,"title":146},"#edd19f",{"_type":134,"background":2272,"foreground":136,"population":2273,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":2281,"foreground":136,"population":2282,"title":136},"#996824",0.02,"jhgKHYI4WIZ4iIdwi2mIiCh5gJMH","Erdkroete_2_maennchen_annotation.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/f9814f81ec98d296107503ee9d8222890c2a9761-2500x1850.jpg",587916,"zdoC9nEGWltkmg1w6u6z4xh5V1cQP1mC","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/f9814f81ec98d296107503ee9d8222890c2a9761-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":2290,"_type":8,"children":2291,"markDefs":2295,"style":16},"249f74d5fea0",[2292],{"_key":2293,"_type":12,"marks":2294,"text":1889},"3d0788c31f7f",[],[],{"_key":2297,"_type":8,"children":2298,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":2302,"style":24},"d33984eb0d22",[2299],{"_key":2293,"_type":12,"marks":2300,"text":2301},[],"Warty skin, brown, sometimes diffuse spotted pattern [1]",[],{"_key":2304,"_type":8,"children":2305,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":2309,"style":24},"472d5d640eab",[2306],{"_key":2293,"_type":12,"marks":2307,"text":2308},[],"Chunky posture [2]",[],{"_key":2311,"_type":8,"children":2312,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":2316,"style":24},"044a1c23c661",[2313],{"_key":2293,"_type":12,"marks":2314,"text":2315},[],"Bulging paratoid glands on each side of the head behind the eye [3]",[],{"_key":2318,"_type":8,"children":2319,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":2323,"style":24},"b578667f491c",[2320],{"_key":2293,"_type":12,"marks":2321,"text":2322},[],"Yellow or copper-coloured irises and horizontal, slit-shaped pupils, gentle gaze [4]",[],{"_key":2325,"_type":8,"children":2326,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":2334,"style":24},"ef09ffcdf1eb",[2327,2330],{"_key":2293,"_type":12,"marks":2328,"text":2329},[],"Call: reminds of the call of a eurasian coot. ",{"_key":2331,"_type":12,"marks":2332,"text":1947},"86d69800de08",[2333],"a5cc6e4acc8b",[2335],{"_key":2333,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1950,"linkType":92,"title":1950},{"_key":2337,"_type":8,"children":2338,"markDefs":2342,"style":16},"6f8877a23045",[2339],{"_key":2340,"_type":12,"marks":2341,"text":1546},"c7a49da6c566",[],[],{"_key":2344,"_type":8,"children":2345,"markDefs":2350,"style":24},"3da4f92c3781",[2346],{"_key":2347,"_type":12,"marks":2348,"text":2349},"4a97f152744a",[],"Common toads are relatively adaptable to urban conditions. They spawn near forests in sunny pools, ponds, and along lake shores. The site needs to be constantly filled with water, min. 50 cm deep and should be mostly sunny. To attach the spawning strings, it needs branches, aquatic vegetation, or similar structures. Compared with other amphibians, common toads can even reproduce in the same water as fish, because the larvae are protected by producing defensive secretions. The animal usually remains closely tied to its spawning grounds. In urban areas, it prefers mixed-forest habitats, hedges or even gardens with spawning waters.",[],{"_type":186,"current":2352},"common-toad","Common toad",{"_id":2355,"category":2356,"citation":174,"content":2361,"slug":2370,"title":2372},"3fc06fe5-5139-4a90-9dca-058c1c48e2dd",{"_id":2357,"slug":2358,"title":2360},"f485c0ac-516f-4da1-a68d-4f2087ac5216",{"_type":186,"current":2359},"fireflies","Fireflies",[2362],{"_key":2363,"_type":8,"children":2364,"markDefs":2369,"style":24},"044ef35d5dd5",[2365],{"_key":2366,"_type":12,"marks":2367,"text":2368},"725e645bfd7d",[],"…more details coming soon…",[],{"_type":186,"current":2371},"european-firefly","European Firefly",{"_id":2374,"category":2375,"citation":2377,"content":2405,"slug":2718,"title":2720},"b8ec09ed-a6ba-4499-af9c-87eafdac9581",{"_id":1074,"slug":2376,"title":1077},{"_type":186,"current":1076},[2378,2395],{"_key":2379,"_type":8,"children":2380,"markDefs":2392,"style":24},"6cc3808f1e73",[2381,2385,2389],{"_key":2382,"_type":12,"marks":2383,"text":2384},"870a614a0d37",[],"More information on the fire salamander: ",{"_key":2386,"_type":12,"marks":2387,"text":1090},"d0a22684af3b",[2388],"10ed84a3ab14",{"_key":2390,"_type":12,"marks":2391,"text":1094},"b07ff94c0e4a",[],[2393],{"_key":2388,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":2394,"linkType":92,"title":2394},"https://www.infofauna.ch/de/beratungsstellen/amphibien-karch/die-amphibien/arten/salamandre-tachetee#gsc.tab=0",{"_key":1991,"_type":8,"children":2396,"markDefs":2403,"style":24},[2397,2399,2401],{"_key":1994,"_type":12,"marks":2398,"text":1104},[],{"_key":1997,"_type":12,"marks":2400,"text":1109},[800,1999],{"_key":2001,"_type":12,"marks":2402,"text":1113},[],[2404],{"_key":1999,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1116,"linkType":92,"title":1116},[2406,2439,2455,2648,2682,2689,2696,2703,2710],{"_type":1119,"image":2407,"markDefs":174},{"_key":2408,"_type":1119,"asset":2409},"1aa97cf61c3f",{"_createdAt":2410,"_id":2411,"_rev":2412,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":2410,"assetId":2413,"extension":119,"metadata":2414,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":2434,"path":2435,"sha1hash":2413,"size":2436,"uploadId":2437,"url":2438},"2026-04-30T13:29:15Z","image-d119dc7533367b89118910db47c97947a6b371a0-2500x1850-jpg","gtUcc5GAbVP6IlcjzIEdxE","d119dc7533367b89118910db47c97947a6b371a0",{"_type":121,"blurHash":2415,"dimensions":2416,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":2417,"palette":2418},"V3Dv4f00a8o$EROwIAx]NFs:57~XM_Mx%0DkOZn2%hE2",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wAARCAAPABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAFgABAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABQAG/8QAIRAAAgICAAcBAAAAAAAAAAAAAQIDBAARBRMVISIxcWH/xAAVAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAf/EABsRAAIBBQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABEgIDITFR/9oADAMBAAIRAxEAPwDB1JlWFYUAUDHqzxNIkdVXsTHXig9fcD6Alm0szzsiE+QUZoKCwcLnQVNwxnuT3Jb6cJ3M7FpQlLFVrPy713VjW2WNdhfzeWG27Ubzsztpj70uWSY8V0//2Q==",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":2419,"darkVibrant":2421,"dominant":2423,"lightMuted":2426,"lightVibrant":2428,"muted":2431,"vibrant":2432},{"_type":134,"background":2420,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#2c4c54",{"_type":134,"background":2422,"foreground":136,"population":1141,"title":136},"#243464",{"_type":134,"background":2424,"foreground":136,"population":2425,"title":136},"#8f7670",5.6,{"_type":134,"background":2427,"foreground":146,"population":1492,"title":136},"#a5a2b8",{"_type":134,"background":2429,"foreground":146,"population":2430,"title":146},"#dbc899",4.88,{"_type":134,"background":2424,"foreground":136,"population":2425,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":2433,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#4361bb","Feuersalamander_wiki_1.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/d119dc7533367b89118910db47c97947a6b371a0-2500x1850.jpg",1099928,"Fi6hOJqWxwylNpqyjLIIOP8VzX5fYniM","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/d119dc7533367b89118910db47c97947a6b371a0-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":2440,"_type":8,"children":2441,"markDefs":2454,"style":24},"83390b09d0de",[2442,2446,2450],{"_key":2443,"_type":12,"marks":2444,"text":2445},"b5acfb2e648e",[],"\nThe fire salamander (",{"_key":2447,"_type":12,"marks":2448,"text":2449},"d5d74565775c",[800],"Salamandra salamandra",{"_key":2451,"_type":12,"marks":2452,"text":2453},"a41e0b737728",[],") mates on land in late summer and spends the winter months under piles of wood, root systems, or in burrows of foxes and badgers. Females are active in early spring already (starting from 2–5 °C), and are mainly active at night, especially during rainy weather. They deposit fully developed larvae into pool-like depressions in streams with a high level of oxygen, sometimes also in shadier, cooler ponds. During the drier summer months, fire salamanders retreat and remain inactive until the next rainy period. Their strong skin toxins not only protect their sensitive skin but are also effectively used against predators, causing irritation of mucous membranes and the eyes.",[],{"_type":1177,"markDefs":174,"rows":2456},[2457,2475,2494,2513,2532,2551,2570,2589,2608,2627,2646],{"_key":2458,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2459,"term":174,"termRich":2467},"c2a228c691be",[2460],{"_key":2461,"_type":8,"children":2462,"markDefs":2466,"style":24},"86c0761e6278",[2463],{"_key":2464,"_type":12,"marks":2465,"text":2449},"23bcc7cee8c0",[800],[],[2468],{"_key":2469,"_type":8,"children":2470,"markDefs":2474,"style":24},"6b57cb698387",[2471],{"_key":2472,"_type":12,"marks":2473,"text":1196},"d8bd1bffad07",[],[],{"_key":2476,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2477,"term":174,"termRich":2486},"fb6be396431f",[2478],{"_key":2479,"_type":8,"children":2480,"markDefs":2485,"style":24},"3cd59fa40671",[2481],{"_key":2482,"_type":12,"marks":2483,"text":2484},"39895130314d",[],"Feuersalamander",[],[2487],{"_key":2488,"_type":8,"children":2489,"markDefs":2493,"style":24},"79634b16a42f",[2490],{"_key":2491,"_type":12,"marks":2492,"text":1216},"624a60629c24",[],[],{"_key":2495,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2496,"term":174,"termRich":2505},"0ae91ba5828f",[2497],{"_key":2498,"_type":8,"children":2499,"markDefs":2504,"style":24},"ea18b8834daf",[2500],{"_key":2501,"_type":12,"marks":2502,"text":2503},"fa268a63f615",[],"Vulnerable (VU)",[],[2506],{"_key":2507,"_type":8,"children":2508,"markDefs":2512,"style":24},"a0ff2b090843",[2509],{"_key":2510,"_type":12,"marks":2511,"text":1236},"01b4e33fe78f",[],[],{"_key":2514,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2515,"term":174,"termRich":2524},"d1052c278e99",[2516],{"_key":2517,"_type":8,"children":2518,"markDefs":2523,"style":24},"a6ff60f4f025",[2519],{"_key":2520,"_type":12,"marks":2521,"text":2522},"37f4fc14028e",[],"4",[],[2525],{"_key":2526,"_type":8,"children":2527,"markDefs":2531,"style":24},"55e08a9fce30",[2528],{"_key":2529,"_type":12,"marks":2530,"text":1729},"270f416196ea",[],[],{"_key":2533,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2534,"term":174,"termRich":2543},"2b37d1db0a47",[2535],{"_key":2536,"_type":8,"children":2537,"markDefs":2542,"style":24},"6329a65b136c",[2538],{"_key":2539,"_type":12,"marks":2540,"text":2541},"cee454e7ab4a",[],"14–20 cm",[],[2544],{"_key":2545,"_type":8,"children":2546,"markDefs":2550,"style":24},"ce264cc7d971",[2547],{"_key":2548,"_type":12,"marks":2549,"text":1276},"e631d94d7ebe",[],[],{"_key":2552,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2553,"term":174,"termRich":2562},"2570717b3385",[2554],{"_key":2555,"_type":8,"children":2556,"markDefs":2561,"style":24},"c938d580e5af",[2557],{"_key":2558,"_type":12,"marks":2559,"text":2560},"50ab26f0d361",[],"Worms, snails, and insects",[],[2563],{"_key":2564,"_type":8,"children":2565,"markDefs":2569,"style":24},"4df6ad1b3708",[2566],{"_key":2567,"_type":12,"marks":2568,"text":1296},"16e494a30a96",[],[],{"_key":2571,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2572,"term":174,"termRich":2581},"90e4ce03a89a",[2573],{"_key":2574,"_type":8,"children":2575,"markDefs":2580,"style":24},"168334dbc4ad",[2576],{"_key":2577,"_type":12,"marks":2578,"text":2579},"19e51adf800b",[],"All over the country, typically up to 1200, max. 1400 masl",[],[2582],{"_key":2583,"_type":8,"children":2584,"markDefs":2588,"style":24},"a4018fb716d5",[2585],{"_key":2586,"_type":12,"marks":2587,"text":1316},"7ce55be11550",[],[],{"_key":2590,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2591,"term":174,"termRich":2600},"9fe84ea7bbbc",[2592],{"_key":2593,"_type":8,"children":2594,"markDefs":2599,"style":24},"4bef34341299",[2595],{"_key":2596,"_type":12,"marks":2597,"text":2598},"06f984c5ab40",[],"March to end of November",[],[2601],{"_key":2602,"_type":8,"children":2603,"markDefs":2607,"style":24},"afcf4b0a08bc",[2604],{"_key":2605,"_type":12,"marks":2606,"text":1336},"9fa727e0a633",[],[],{"_key":2609,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2610,"term":174,"termRich":2619},"535150a7bb46",[2611],{"_key":2612,"_type":8,"children":2613,"markDefs":2618,"style":24},"53aeebc92eaf",[2614],{"_key":2615,"_type":12,"marks":2616,"text":2617},"9e6196639292",[],"Months 3–8",[],[2620],{"_key":2621,"_type":8,"children":2622,"markDefs":2626,"style":24},"9af6e84aed38",[2623],{"_key":2624,"_type":12,"marks":2625,"text":1356},"20087d30da0a",[],[],{"_key":2628,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2629,"term":174,"termRich":2638},"ba2a1a278087",[2630],{"_key":2631,"_type":8,"children":2632,"markDefs":2637,"style":24},"b5660db32584",[2633],{"_key":2634,"_type":12,"marks":2635,"text":2636},"f85950c8d835",[],"Alpine newt, alpine salamander",[],[2639],{"_key":2640,"_type":8,"children":2641,"markDefs":2645,"style":24},"189a22659b64",[2642],{"_key":2643,"_type":12,"marks":2644,"text":1376},"8ab396939b4d",[],[],{"_key":2647,"definition":174,"definitionRich":174,"term":174,"termRich":174},"19e76381faa6",{"_type":1119,"image":2649,"markDefs":174},{"_key":2650,"_type":1119,"asset":2651},"2e4acfe0c76d",{"_createdAt":2652,"_id":2653,"_rev":2654,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":2652,"assetId":2655,"extension":119,"metadata":2656,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":2677,"path":2678,"sha1hash":2655,"size":2679,"uploadId":2680,"url":2681},"2026-04-30T13:29:18Z","image-8be02932310b87ed04508c09deb1d7019fc5f2bb-2500x1850-jpg","vbhMDt05Etis9edbmINkmf","8be02932310b87ed04508c09deb1d7019fc5f2bb",{"_type":121,"blurHash":2657,"dimensions":2658,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":2659,"palette":2660},"V25}Nz^%E258ENae%1-oS3E30M9b-n?F%0Si9v57sm~A",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wAARCAAPABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAGAAAAwEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIEBQf/xAAfEAABBAIDAQEAAAAAAAAAAAABAAIDBBEhBRIxM1H/xAAVAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA//EABYRAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAhEf/aAAwDAQACEQMRAD8A4dW4hlvh5LUUnayx/wAh71WZ0IJLgQPwp60761tkkT3NI3pVXr4vSl80TWO8yzSnVIjGMITgADXiE0f/2Q==",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":2661,"darkVibrant":2664,"dominant":2666,"lightMuted":2667,"lightVibrant":2670,"muted":2672,"vibrant":2675},{"_type":134,"background":2662,"foreground":136,"population":2663,"title":136},"#48362c",2.89,{"_type":134,"background":2665,"foreground":136,"population":2282,"title":136},"#5e3427",{"_type":134,"background":2662,"foreground":136,"population":2663,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":2668,"foreground":146,"population":2669,"title":146},"#dfd5d1",0.13,{"_type":134,"background":2671,"foreground":146,"population":1395,"title":146},"#e2d188",{"_type":134,"background":2673,"foreground":136,"population":2674,"title":136},"#a08561",2.22,{"_type":134,"background":2676,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#a47828","Feuersalamander_annotation.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/8be02932310b87ed04508c09deb1d7019fc5f2bb-2500x1850.jpg",783204,"WzOrDMVTiP2AFmuOiH7nLXakALVKSWsS","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/8be02932310b87ed04508c09deb1d7019fc5f2bb-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":2683,"_type":8,"children":2684,"markDefs":2688,"style":16},"b1e00818fa0e",[2685],{"_key":2686,"_type":12,"marks":2687,"text":1889},"08f97dc3695d",[],[],{"_key":2690,"_type":8,"children":2691,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":2695,"style":24},"f66f4b087192",[2692],{"_key":2686,"_type":12,"marks":2693,"text":2694},[],"Glossy black with yellow spots covering the body. Athletic body shape (see first image above).",[],{"_key":2697,"_type":8,"children":2698,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":2702,"style":24},"406c037bfc76",[2699],{"_key":2686,"_type":12,"marks":2700,"text":2701},[],"Larvae have yellow spots at the base of the legs. [1]",[],{"_key":2704,"_type":8,"children":2705,"markDefs":2709,"style":16},"dbac879106ee",[2706],{"_key":2707,"_type":12,"marks":2708,"text":1546},"ada82e71425b",[],[],{"_key":2711,"_type":8,"children":2712,"markDefs":2717,"style":24},"ec28f21a04e9",[2713],{"_key":2714,"_type":12,"marks":2715,"text":2716},"665060d1ed42",[],"The fire salamander is a terrestrial species that prefers shady, humid mixed forests with moist ravines and healthy forest streams with low flow rates and good hiding places. In urban areas it can also be seen at locations within a one kilometer radius of forests. The fire salamander uses underground burrows of small mammals and rock crevices as daytime shelter.",[],{"_type":186,"current":2719},"fire-salamander","Fire salamander",{"_id":2722,"category":2723,"citation":2725,"content":2753,"slug":3087,"title":3089},"847f4572-2d65-4d5c-af32-bb182407ac07",{"_id":1074,"slug":2724,"title":1077},{"_type":186,"current":1076},[2726,2743],{"_key":2727,"_type":8,"children":2728,"markDefs":2740,"style":24},"abb6b95bef4b",[2729,2733,2737],{"_key":2730,"_type":12,"marks":2731,"text":2732},"7894e503070d",[],"More information on the midwife toad: ",{"_key":2734,"_type":12,"marks":2735,"text":1090},"dbcf916e71e5",[2736],"215785c3e853",{"_key":2738,"_type":12,"marks":2739,"text":1094},"7a3392f83c07",[],[2741],{"_key":2736,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":2742,"linkType":92,"title":2742},"https://www.infofauna.ch/de/nationale-koordinationsstellen/amphibien-karch/die-amphibien/arten/geburtshelferkroete#gsc.tab=0",{"_key":1099,"_type":8,"children":2744,"markDefs":2751,"style":24},[2745,2747,2749],{"_key":1102,"_type":12,"marks":2746,"text":1104},[],{"_key":1106,"_type":12,"marks":2748,"text":1109},[800,1108],{"_key":1111,"_type":12,"marks":2750,"text":1113},[],[2752],{"_key":1108,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1116,"linkType":92,"title":1116},[2754,2787,2803,2995,3032,3039,3046,3053,3060,3072,3079],{"_type":1119,"image":2755,"markDefs":174},{"_key":2756,"_type":1119,"asset":2757},"2d17a0d4626d",{"_createdAt":2758,"_id":2759,"_rev":2760,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":2758,"assetId":2761,"extension":119,"metadata":2762,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":2782,"path":2783,"sha1hash":2761,"size":2784,"uploadId":2785,"url":2786},"2026-04-30T13:29:48Z","image-7f5b7efbfd407793fc3fe08f2c9a9420f0ce062e-2500x1850-jpg","o0tNkHWVtuS3hBnA38zImx","7f5b7efbfd407793fc3fe08f2c9a9420f0ce062e",{"_type":121,"blurHash":2763,"dimensions":2764,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":2765,"palette":2766},"VaI}U^V?t6axj]~pRjoeoeWB%MWWM{j]WBoft7M|a#of",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":2767,"darkVibrant":2770,"dominant":2772,"lightMuted":2775,"lightVibrant":2777,"muted":2779,"vibrant":2780},{"_type":134,"background":2768,"foreground":136,"population":2769,"title":136},"#5f4b36",4.98,{"_type":134,"background":2771,"foreground":136,"population":1141,"title":136},"#643c24",{"_type":134,"background":2773,"foreground":136,"population":2774,"title":136},"#8f7d6b",6.33,{"_type":134,"background":2776,"foreground":146,"population":2425,"title":146},"#d7c8a9",{"_type":134,"background":2778,"foreground":146,"population":1141,"title":146},"#e4d484",{"_type":134,"background":2773,"foreground":136,"population":2774,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":2781,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#bb7043","Geburtshelferkroete_wiki_2.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/7f5b7efbfd407793fc3fe08f2c9a9420f0ce062e-2500x1850.jpg",1362775,"8X40ArKtra4fKbxCbyTB7CqyfCCBa7Bf","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/7f5b7efbfd407793fc3fe08f2c9a9420f0ce062e-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":2788,"_type":8,"children":2789,"markDefs":2802,"style":24},"b1790b92c632",[2790,2794,2798],{"_key":2791,"_type":12,"marks":2792,"text":2793},"863cbabac686",[],"\nThe midwife toad (",{"_key":2795,"_type":12,"marks":2796,"text":2797},"56f411acf482",[800],"Alytes obstetricans",{"_key":2799,"_type":12,"marks":2800,"text":2801},"ce6f4b609412",[],") is a nocturnal terrestrial species that prefers landslide areas and stone walls as habitat. It has very specific habitat requirements and is rather rare in urban areas nowadays. Even females can call and the sexes are difficult to distinguish. After mating on land (April–August), the male wraps the egg strings around his hind-leg ankle joints like a bead chain and carries them around for 3–7 weeks. When the larvae are ready to hatch, the male deposits them at a suitable site of a shoreline.",[],{"_type":1177,"markDefs":174,"rows":2804},[2805,2823,2842,2860,2879,2898,2917,2936,2955,2974,2993],{"_key":2806,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2807,"term":174,"termRich":2815},"7d92af642e72",[2808],{"_key":2809,"_type":8,"children":2810,"markDefs":2814,"style":24},"6c08fc240489",[2811],{"_key":2812,"_type":12,"marks":2813,"text":2797},"da087679ec7c",[800],[],[2816],{"_key":2817,"_type":8,"children":2818,"markDefs":2822,"style":24},"623474f74ce5",[2819],{"_key":2820,"_type":12,"marks":2821,"text":1196},"5e140d2493b4",[],[],{"_key":2824,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2825,"term":174,"termRich":2834},"a14124414415",[2826],{"_key":2827,"_type":8,"children":2828,"markDefs":2833,"style":24},"274f77219d44",[2829],{"_key":2830,"_type":12,"marks":2831,"text":2832},"1aea1e15f0c9",[],"Geburtshelferkröte",[],[2835],{"_key":2836,"_type":8,"children":2837,"markDefs":2841,"style":24},"e6e23ce4abea",[2838],{"_key":2839,"_type":12,"marks":2840,"text":1216},"43f1c0b4fa47",[],[],{"_key":2843,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2844,"term":174,"termRich":2852},"d754e71a6f65",[2845],{"_key":2846,"_type":8,"children":2847,"markDefs":2851,"style":24},"9952699fb975",[2848],{"_key":2849,"_type":12,"marks":2850,"text":2503},"3db387c6729f",[],[],[2853],{"_key":2854,"_type":8,"children":2855,"markDefs":2859,"style":24},"c1a91e1aaca9",[2856],{"_key":2857,"_type":12,"marks":2858,"text":1236},"1fc92af31dd4",[],[],{"_key":2861,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2862,"term":174,"termRich":2871},"d06cd1ec41ce",[2863],{"_key":2864,"_type":8,"children":2865,"markDefs":2870,"style":24},"94010d8084d1",[2866],{"_key":2867,"_type":12,"marks":2868,"text":2869},"c3ef6dc7981e",[],"3",[],[2872],{"_key":2873,"_type":8,"children":2874,"markDefs":2878,"style":24},"f14f9c82b055",[2875],{"_key":2876,"_type":12,"marks":2877,"text":1729},"927961141eba",[],[],{"_key":2880,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2881,"term":174,"termRich":2890},"b9f79ceb0145",[2882],{"_key":2883,"_type":8,"children":2884,"markDefs":2889,"style":24},"ee98b559c71d",[2885],{"_key":2886,"_type":12,"marks":2887,"text":2888},"30d42caf137b",[],"3.5–5 cm",[],[2891],{"_key":2892,"_type":8,"children":2893,"markDefs":2897,"style":24},"853d8d3276c0",[2894],{"_key":2895,"_type":12,"marks":2896,"text":1276},"c7e3e0277546",[],[],{"_key":2899,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2900,"term":174,"termRich":2909},"b74cffca285a",[2901],{"_key":2902,"_type":8,"children":2903,"markDefs":2908,"style":24},"d5316e489cdb",[2904],{"_key":2905,"_type":12,"marks":2906,"text":2907},"5f641b0e87c5",[],"Insects, spiders",[],[2910],{"_key":2911,"_type":8,"children":2912,"markDefs":2916,"style":24},"3cfa39a78c8f",[2913],{"_key":2914,"_type":12,"marks":2915,"text":1296},"b79cda0c0d74",[],[],{"_key":2918,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2919,"term":174,"termRich":2928},"2f2eaae65798",[2920],{"_key":2921,"_type":8,"children":2922,"markDefs":2927,"style":24},"5bcde8b244cc",[2923],{"_key":2924,"_type":12,"marks":2925,"text":2926},"c3d14d68eef6",[],"All over CH except southern side of the Alps, typically up to 700, max. 1500 masl",[],[2929],{"_key":2930,"_type":8,"children":2931,"markDefs":2935,"style":24},"872145409f9a",[2932],{"_key":2933,"_type":12,"marks":2934,"text":1316},"c7ab9ed94dc0",[],[],{"_key":2937,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2938,"term":174,"termRich":2947},"e7ec12f5009f",[2939],{"_key":2940,"_type":8,"children":2941,"markDefs":2946,"style":24},"7fdd41c6200e",[2942],{"_key":2943,"_type":12,"marks":2944,"text":2945},"7a8e45563c9e",[],"Early March to end of October",[],[2948],{"_key":2949,"_type":8,"children":2950,"markDefs":2954,"style":24},"1f93a8b19575",[2951],{"_key":2952,"_type":12,"marks":2953,"text":1336},"56defb682c44",[],[],{"_key":2956,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2957,"term":174,"termRich":2965},"965abcac04d1",[2958],{"_key":2959,"_type":8,"children":2960,"markDefs":2964,"style":24},"ae9ed9a7c286",[2961],{"_key":2962,"_type":12,"marks":2963,"text":2617},"c13faf2f545f",[],[],[2966],{"_key":2967,"_type":8,"children":2968,"markDefs":2973,"style":24},"b1bc87816ccd",[2969],{"_key":2970,"_type":12,"marks":2971,"text":2972},"5694a1c17cbe",[],"Spawning \nseason",[],{"_key":2975,"definition":174,"definitionRich":2976,"term":174,"termRich":2985},"d834e2050077",[2977],{"_key":2978,"_type":8,"children":2979,"markDefs":2984,"style":24},"84b16a16dd75",[2980],{"_key":2981,"_type":12,"marks":2982,"text":2983},"acad05199727",[],"Common toad, yellow-bellied toad",[],[2986],{"_key":2987,"_type":8,"children":2988,"markDefs":2992,"style":24},"115439ee6238",[2989],{"_key":2990,"_type":12,"marks":2991,"text":1376},"7433e9e500b1",[],[],{"_key":2994,"definition":174,"definitionRich":174,"term":174,"termRich":174},"a94788115a48",{"_type":1119,"image":2996,"markDefs":174},{"_key":2997,"_type":1119,"asset":2998},"39d95156de0f",{"_createdAt":2999,"_id":3000,"_rev":3001,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":2999,"assetId":3002,"extension":119,"metadata":3003,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":3027,"path":3028,"sha1hash":3002,"size":3029,"uploadId":3030,"url":3031},"2026-05-07T15:57:47Z","image-e62daf4824640866cc137cc7e8ed589fb60be9a4-2500x1850-jpg","7w6UtaYGFCs1ynfwHxD8s8","e62daf4824640866cc137cc7e8ed589fb60be9a4",{"_type":121,"blurHash":3004,"dimensions":3005,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":3006,"palette":3007,"thumbHash":3026},"V58;0*-o02Ipt6WBs:t6ayR*00IV~UxtWBbFNGIpj[%1",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wAARCAAPABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAFwABAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAUDB//EACMQAAEDBAIBBQAAAAAAAAAAAAECAwQABRESBhRRITFBYYH/xAAVAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAv/EABgRAAMBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABEQIh/9oADAMBAAIRAxEAPwDkFq41NuEHssq1BOEjzW104nNhRkuOFRWfXXHx5qTBkyobrTjbitUnIRscH8qpcuS3Ge4Ow7gpGqQn2AoWt3gqeZ0guFbKyhzOw+6UeaLjhU6slRpSKkH/2Q==",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":3008,"darkVibrant":3011,"dominant":3014,"lightMuted":3015,"lightVibrant":3018,"muted":3021,"vibrant":3024},{"_type":134,"background":3009,"foreground":136,"population":3010,"title":136},"#4b3a28",5.78,{"_type":134,"background":3012,"foreground":136,"population":3013,"title":136},"#5d401b",0.03,{"_type":134,"background":3009,"foreground":136,"population":3010,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":3016,"foreground":146,"population":3017,"title":136},"#d2c0ac",0.92,{"_type":134,"background":3019,"foreground":146,"population":3020,"title":136},"#dcbc99",0.07,{"_type":134,"background":3022,"foreground":136,"population":3023,"title":136},"#977a58",0.53,{"_type":134,"background":3025,"foreground":136,"population":1141,"title":136},"#946c44","TQgGDYIoh2eHeHdgi3h3jDiIgIMI","Geburtshelferkroete_wiki_annotation.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/e62daf4824640866cc137cc7e8ed589fb60be9a4-2500x1850.jpg",712234,"t467JOb2xwpoeqs857J4TNFcyqAH6J4O","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/e62daf4824640866cc137cc7e8ed589fb60be9a4-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":3033,"_type":8,"children":3034,"markDefs":3038,"style":16},"9e9d09698581",[3035],{"_key":3036,"_type":12,"marks":3037,"text":1889},"9f2981614e35",[],[],{"_key":3040,"_type":8,"children":3041,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3045,"style":24},"54d30e46c6b5",[3042],{"_key":3036,"_type":12,"marks":3043,"text":3044},[],"Rounded snout [1]",[],{"_key":3047,"_type":8,"children":3048,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3052,"style":24},"43f6dc2320df",[3049],{"_key":3036,"_type":12,"marks":3050,"text":3051},[],"Vertical pupils [2]",[],{"_key":3054,"_type":8,"children":3055,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3059,"style":24},"43abf0f71266",[3056],{"_key":3036,"_type":12,"marks":3057,"text":3058},[],"Sometimes a row of warts on both sides of the body [3]",[],{"_key":3061,"_type":8,"children":3062,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3070,"style":24},"c1bf922c3ef6",[3063,3066],{"_key":3036,"_type":12,"marks":3064,"text":3065},[],"Call: Püh, püh, püh, like a flute or a bell. ",{"_key":3067,"_type":12,"marks":3068,"text":1947},"0eaf3022bab1",[3069],"02d599b70ccd",[3071],{"_key":3069,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1950,"linkType":92,"title":1950},{"_key":3073,"_type":8,"children":3074,"markDefs":3078,"style":16},"2236159328e7",[3075],{"_key":3076,"_type":12,"marks":3077,"text":1546},"565a8ab4c237",[],[],{"_key":3080,"_type":8,"children":3081,"markDefs":3086,"style":24},"d492bb947659",[3082],{"_key":3083,"_type":12,"marks":3084,"text":3085},"e76ada76a195",[],"The midwife toad lives for example in quarries and gravel pits in close distance to forests, as well as in sunnier, fish-free sections of streams with steep slopes, wetlands, embankments, frost-proof standing waters, or even in fire-fighting ponds. In urban areas, the midwife toad is rather rare. Their terrestrial habitat consists of slopes, erosion scarps, dry stone walls, or wood piles, that allow for burrowing. Since midwife toads spend most of the year on land, they can be supported by creating stone, sand, and wood structures that they can use as hiding places. They often spend the winter months in their summer habitats too.",[],{"_type":186,"current":3088},"midwife-toad","Midwife toad",{"_id":3091,"category":3092,"citation":3094,"content":3123,"slug":3472,"title":3474},"47d80835-3400-4769-9a34-4c41ac3b3a95",{"_id":1074,"slug":3093,"title":1077},{"_type":186,"current":1076},[3095,3112],{"_key":3096,"_type":8,"children":3097,"markDefs":3109,"style":24},"2766f2f968e3",[3098,3102,3106],{"_key":3099,"_type":12,"marks":3100,"text":3101},"7f07e6309883",[],"More information on the palmate newt: ",{"_key":3103,"_type":12,"marks":3104,"text":1090},"06d1979d5b8f",[3105],"8ca0d9e97614",{"_key":3107,"_type":12,"marks":3108,"text":1094},"1617e7964a93",[],[3110],{"_key":3105,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":3111,"linkType":92,"title":3111},"https://www.infofauna.ch/de/beratungsstellen/amphibien-karch/die-amphibien/arten/fadenmolch#gsc.tab=0",{"_key":1099,"_type":8,"children":3113,"markDefs":3121,"style":24},[3114,3116,3118],{"_key":1102,"_type":12,"marks":3115,"text":1104},[],{"_key":1106,"_type":12,"marks":3117,"text":1109},[800,1108],{"_key":1111,"_type":12,"marks":3119,"text":3120},[]," (2022) and expanded with details provided by info species. All images: © Wikicommons.",[3122],{"_key":1108,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1116,"linkType":92,"title":1116},[3124,3157,3173,3364,3398,3405,3412,3419,3426,3434,3442,3450,3457,3464],{"_type":1119,"image":3125,"markDefs":174},{"_key":3126,"_type":1119,"asset":3127},"d5f28ba94d23",{"_createdAt":3128,"_id":3129,"_rev":3130,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":3128,"assetId":3131,"extension":119,"metadata":3132,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":3152,"path":3153,"sha1hash":3131,"size":3154,"uploadId":3155,"url":3156},"2026-04-30T13:29:17Z","image-e669941a2ec1e67debac930c9ee6be8ca86206f0-2500x1850-jpg","gtUcc5GAbVP6IlcjzIEej6","e669941a2ec1e67debac930c9ee6be8ca86206f0",{"_type":121,"blurHash":3133,"dimensions":3134,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":3135,"palette":3136},"V5ELGy02X9=^0#J}}=f|NLRBo?9z-UV[%1x,WZ=wRQI=",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":3137,"darkVibrant":3139,"dominant":3141,"lightMuted":3144,"lightVibrant":3146,"muted":3148,"vibrant":3151},{"_type":134,"background":3138,"foreground":136,"population":1410,"title":136},"#574026",{"_type":134,"background":3140,"foreground":136,"population":1398,"title":136},"#803105",{"_type":134,"background":3142,"foreground":136,"population":3143,"title":136},"#c29119",0.71,{"_type":134,"background":3145,"foreground":146,"population":1395,"title":136},"#b1966f",{"_type":134,"background":3147,"foreground":146,"population":2669,"title":146},"#f4ce7e",{"_type":134,"background":3149,"foreground":136,"population":3150,"title":136},"#a07b4c",0.64,{"_type":134,"background":3142,"foreground":136,"population":3143,"title":136},"Fadenmolch_wiki_1.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/e669941a2ec1e67debac930c9ee6be8ca86206f0-2500x1850.jpg",1088980,"osfBuCk7b1LsGPrsl4rDv7V4TibArNbo","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/e669941a2ec1e67debac930c9ee6be8ca86206f0-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":3158,"_type":8,"children":3159,"markDefs":3172,"style":24},"d63ebcd20f3d",[3160,3164,3168],{"_key":3161,"_type":12,"marks":3162,"text":3163},"b70eb8796f43",[],"\nThe palmate newt (",{"_key":3165,"_type":12,"marks":3166,"text":3167},"68cd3766736e",[800],"Lissotriton helveticus",{"_key":3169,"_type":12,"marks":3170,"text":3171},"668d8301a8c9",[],") appears in its breeding waters around the beginning of March. Its mating ritual is similar to that of the alpine newt, with which the less competitive palmate newt is often associated. The larvae of the palmate newt are very small (up to 3 cm) and are more frequently preyed upon. In well-vegetated waters with better cover structures, the larvae have higher chances of survival. Palmate newts often remain in the water until the end of May and then move to nearby terrestrial habitats, but they can also be found further away from water, for example under decaying piles of wood. From October onwards, and over the winter, the newts stay mainly on land under decaying wood, in ground crevices, and in piles of branches, leaf litter, and stones.",[],{"_type":1177,"markDefs":174,"rows":3174},[3175,3193,3212,3230,3248,3267,3286,3305,3324,3343,3362],{"_key":3176,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3177,"term":174,"termRich":3185},"dbbf31c5f0ed",[3178],{"_key":3179,"_type":8,"children":3180,"markDefs":3184,"style":24},"f08e0f000873",[3181],{"_key":3182,"_type":12,"marks":3183,"text":3167},"a3ef8e4200ca",[800],[],[3186],{"_key":3187,"_type":8,"children":3188,"markDefs":3192,"style":24},"bec8b1ef6578",[3189],{"_key":3190,"_type":12,"marks":3191,"text":1196},"d86ba3b7e679",[],[],{"_key":3194,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3195,"term":174,"termRich":3204},"9f3837d6c327",[3196],{"_key":3197,"_type":8,"children":3198,"markDefs":3203,"style":24},"1cbfd91d5f34",[3199],{"_key":3200,"_type":12,"marks":3201,"text":3202},"2c1c196f7c08",[],"Fadenmolch",[],[3205],{"_key":3206,"_type":8,"children":3207,"markDefs":3211,"style":24},"9d9e25d940ad",[3208],{"_key":3209,"_type":12,"marks":3210,"text":1216},"fb7e9d435df1",[],[],{"_key":3213,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3214,"term":174,"termRich":3222},"710594af57ea",[3215],{"_key":3216,"_type":8,"children":3217,"markDefs":3221,"style":24},"8bdf8a6b90fa",[3218],{"_key":3219,"_type":12,"marks":3220,"text":2503},"b1181d67dd56",[],[],[3223],{"_key":3224,"_type":8,"children":3225,"markDefs":3229,"style":24},"5963f135203c",[3226],{"_key":3227,"_type":12,"marks":3228,"text":1236},"92f02e330af7",[],[],{"_key":3231,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3232,"term":174,"termRich":3240},"aeac802704c5",[3233],{"_key":3234,"_type":8,"children":3235,"markDefs":3239,"style":24},"b4375641dba2",[3236],{"_key":3237,"_type":12,"marks":3238,"text":2522},"242fd578b969",[],[],[3241],{"_key":3242,"_type":8,"children":3243,"markDefs":3247,"style":24},"c64069ca0702",[3244],{"_key":3245,"_type":12,"marks":3246,"text":1729},"37e9440ccbd5",[],[],{"_key":3249,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3250,"term":174,"termRich":3259},"55ec2e9d1048",[3251],{"_key":3252,"_type":8,"children":3253,"markDefs":3258,"style":24},"f36c039bf347",[3254],{"_key":3255,"_type":12,"marks":3256,"text":3257},"d85f25d937c0",[],"F about 8 cm, M about 6–7.5 cm",[],[3260],{"_key":3261,"_type":8,"children":3262,"markDefs":3266,"style":24},"1c096a23f390",[3263],{"_key":3264,"_type":12,"marks":3265,"text":1276},"9b2bcbab23e0",[],[],{"_key":3268,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3269,"term":174,"termRich":3278},"8d9a56cd5eae",[3270],{"_key":3271,"_type":8,"children":3272,"markDefs":3277,"style":24},"a499590ddc86",[3273],{"_key":3274,"_type":12,"marks":3275,"text":3276},"ad8a93287704",[],"Microcrustaceans, mosquito larvae, aquatic insects, worms, snails, and insects",[],[3279],{"_key":3280,"_type":8,"children":3281,"markDefs":3285,"style":24},"718d41769731",[3282],{"_key":3283,"_type":12,"marks":3284,"text":1296},"d90cb111b1de",[],[],{"_key":3287,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3288,"term":174,"termRich":3297},"d3c6d919bc2d",[3289],{"_key":3290,"_type":8,"children":3291,"markDefs":3296,"style":24},"5b0416f9d30a",[3292],{"_key":3293,"_type":12,"marks":3294,"text":3295},"8f1f6566edef",[],"CH lowlands, typically up to 700, max. 1460 masl",[],[3298],{"_key":3299,"_type":8,"children":3300,"markDefs":3304,"style":24},"5ed4e3ea2dd3",[3301],{"_key":3302,"_type":12,"marks":3303,"text":1316},"d41a2125fb1a",[],[],{"_key":3306,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3307,"term":174,"termRich":3316},"1102f6a7697a",[3308],{"_key":3309,"_type":8,"children":3310,"markDefs":3315,"style":24},"6668bb4f4811",[3311],{"_key":3312,"_type":12,"marks":3313,"text":3314},"2212b372e9dd",[],"March to mid-October",[],[3317],{"_key":3318,"_type":8,"children":3319,"markDefs":3323,"style":24},"159b2e60a637",[3320],{"_key":3321,"_type":12,"marks":3322,"text":1336},"8855604b1271",[],[],{"_key":3325,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3326,"term":174,"termRich":3335},"5533854226c3",[3327],{"_key":3328,"_type":8,"children":3329,"markDefs":3334,"style":24},"1d9b85c02c6a",[3330],{"_key":3331,"_type":12,"marks":3332,"text":3333},"223a4dd16a33",[],"(months 4–6)",[],[3336],{"_key":3337,"_type":8,"children":3338,"markDefs":3342,"style":24},"4630c4ed3390",[3339],{"_key":3340,"_type":12,"marks":3341,"text":1356},"5c4f85df2cf3",[],[],{"_key":3344,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3345,"term":174,"termRich":3354},"1e7d4d2fa143",[3346],{"_key":3347,"_type":8,"children":3348,"markDefs":3353,"style":24},"8cdd312e066d",[3349],{"_key":3350,"_type":12,"marks":3351,"text":3352},"bd3c24760a8d",[],"Smooth newt (F)",[],[3355],{"_key":3356,"_type":8,"children":3357,"markDefs":3361,"style":24},"1ed16a0a111c",[3358],{"_key":3359,"_type":12,"marks":3360,"text":1376},"899df69cebe3",[],[],{"_key":3363,"definition":174,"definitionRich":174,"term":174,"termRich":174},"fc5b6e784c44",{"_type":1119,"image":3365,"markDefs":174},{"_key":3366,"_type":1119,"asset":3367},"bf8f4784dcab",{"_createdAt":3368,"_id":3369,"_rev":3370,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":3368,"assetId":3371,"extension":119,"metadata":3372,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":3393,"path":3394,"sha1hash":3371,"size":3395,"uploadId":3396,"url":3397},"2026-04-30T13:29:20Z","image-77aab075ba757a5fe29dfec5778afdf117ff4cee-2500x1850-jpg","gtUcc5GAbVP6IlcjzIEg6a","77aab075ba757a5fe29dfec5778afdf117ff4cee",{"_type":121,"blurHash":3373,"dimensions":3374,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":3375,"palette":3376},"V47n2WxFIpRlIX4:t6WWRkax02NI%1xt-n~UIpod%0WD",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wAARCAAPABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAGQAAAgMBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAUDBAYH/8QAHxAAAgICAgMBAAAAAAAAAAAAAQIDBAARBTEVIUFh/8QAFgEBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgME/8QAGBEAAwEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAERAiH/2gAMAwEAAhEDEQA/AOGUOEu3Y2kq13eNe2+ZFPx1mEESQOuvzGLcjYCrHFLIkC9Rg6GWvPWhKrBgyDtGGxme7KcMwYW37B3hjm/dku2DNIsasRrSLoYY6wxH/9k=",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":3377,"darkVibrant":3380,"dominant":3382,"lightMuted":3383,"lightVibrant":3386,"muted":3388,"vibrant":3391},{"_type":134,"background":3378,"foreground":136,"population":3379,"title":136},"#4f432b",4.33,{"_type":134,"background":3381,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#643c18",{"_type":134,"background":3378,"foreground":136,"population":3379,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":3384,"foreground":146,"population":3385,"title":136},"#c7bca7",0.76,{"_type":134,"background":3387,"foreground":146,"population":1495,"title":146},"#e4d8b2",{"_type":134,"background":3389,"foreground":146,"population":3390,"title":136},"#af986b",2.93,{"_type":134,"background":3392,"foreground":136,"population":2282,"title":136},"#a37534","Fadenmolch_annotation_flickr_1.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/77aab075ba757a5fe29dfec5778afdf117ff4cee-2500x1850.jpg",618242,"1QWA51r0glkimyOkq6fEZqpRaCuV227e","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/77aab075ba757a5fe29dfec5778afdf117ff4cee-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":3399,"_type":8,"children":3400,"markDefs":3404,"style":16},"b7e2671cab42",[3401],{"_key":3402,"_type":12,"marks":3403,"text":1889},"3b5c492520c1",[],[],{"_key":3406,"_type":8,"children":3407,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3411,"style":24},"c06d21df6269",[3408],{"_key":3402,"_type":12,"marks":3409,"text":3410},[],"M distinct filament on the end of their tail [1]",[],{"_key":3413,"_type":8,"children":3414,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3418,"style":24},"ee54f53173a5",[3415],{"_key":3402,"_type":12,"marks":3416,"text":3417},[],"M strongly webbed hind feet [2]",[],{"_key":3420,"_type":8,"children":3421,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3425,"style":24},"739be177c672",[3422],{"_key":3402,"_type":12,"marks":3423,"text":3424},[],"M dark stripe along the head and through the eyes [3]",[],{"_key":3427,"_type":8,"children":3428,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3433,"style":24},"33cf3d13a947",[3429],{"_key":3430,"_type":12,"marks":3431,"text":3432},"3ccf6ca52d5e",[],"Light-coloured and smallest newt in CH",[],{"_key":3435,"_type":8,"children":3436,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3441,"style":24},"97bf9fd9566d",[3437],{"_key":3438,"_type":12,"marks":3439,"text":3440},"ae57c9ce736b",[],"M brown-coloured, with black spots on the flanks; on the tail side, two longitudinal rows of dark spots with an orange stripe in between",[],{"_key":3443,"_type":8,"children":3444,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3449,"style":24},"f08fea9c9839",[3445],{"_key":3446,"_type":12,"marks":3447,"text":3448},"b6773640d853",[],"F inconspicuously brown; female palmate newts cannot be distinguished from female smooth newts",[],{"_key":3451,"_type":8,"children":3452,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3456,"style":24},"981449ad97f6",[3453],{"_key":3446,"_type":12,"marks":3454,"text":3455},[],"Underside: belly is yellow or light orange and whitish on the sides; it can have some dark spots, but the throat is always unspotted.",[],{"_key":3458,"_type":8,"children":3459,"markDefs":3463,"style":16},"20631b74eae9",[3460],{"_key":3461,"_type":12,"marks":3462,"text":1546},"fb03ce7613e7",[],[],{"_key":3465,"_type":8,"children":3466,"markDefs":3471,"style":24},"792f9da56e39",[3467],{"_key":3468,"_type":12,"marks":3469,"text":3470},"8c89c019eeb5",[],"Palmate newts prefer still, rather small, vegetated and semi-shaded bodies of water, especially in wooded, hilly terrain. They often stay near the bottom of the water. They occur in floodplain landscapes, garden biotopes, quarry areas, or similar habitats. In urban gardens, however, they are only found if they already occur in the surrounding area. The terrestrial territories are usually only a few hundred meters from its breeding waters, meaning that the animal rarely colonises new habitats.",[],{"_type":186,"current":3473},"palmate-newt","Palmate newt",{"_id":3476,"category":3477,"citation":3479,"content":3513,"slug":3879,"title":3881},"357fbea1-529f-48d3-9f42-0413200ea507",{"_id":1074,"slug":3478,"title":1077},{"_type":186,"current":1076},[3480,3497],{"_key":3481,"_type":8,"children":3482,"markDefs":3494,"style":24},"147e5db16971",[3483,3487,3491],{"_key":3484,"_type":12,"marks":3485,"text":3486},"2bac0361d2a5",[],"More information on the water frog: ",{"_key":3488,"_type":12,"marks":3489,"text":1090},"8780a653ecb2",[3490],"5c2f277da56f",{"_key":3492,"_type":12,"marks":3493,"text":1094},"0bdeef5c852b",[],[3495],{"_key":3490,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":3496,"linkType":92,"title":3496},"https://www.infofauna.ch/de/beratungsstellen/amphibien-karch/die-amphibien/arten/wasserfroesche#gsc.tab=0",{"_key":3498,"_type":8,"children":3499,"markDefs":3511,"style":24},"e5fc10ea9908",[3500,3503,3507],{"_key":3501,"_type":12,"marks":3502,"text":1104},"c0325ceb1872",[],{"_key":3504,"_type":12,"marks":3505,"text":1109},"df8230244ad9",[800,3506],"0967da21e515",{"_key":3508,"_type":12,"marks":3509,"text":3510},"c4bdf96f538b",[]," (2022) and expanded with details provided by info species. All images © Wikicommons. ",[3512],{"_key":3506,"_type":90,"href":1116,"linkType":92,"title":1116},[3514,3550,3590,3783,3817,3824,3832,3839,3846,3858,3864,3872],{"_type":1119,"image":3515,"markDefs":174},{"_key":3516,"_type":1119,"asset":3517},"7d238395563f",{"_createdAt":3128,"_id":3518,"_rev":3519,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":3128,"assetId":3520,"extension":119,"metadata":3521,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":3545,"path":3546,"sha1hash":3520,"size":3547,"uploadId":3548,"url":3549},"image-f2951e7202a8cbe879c81d398201d7def971c37d-2500x1850-jpg","vbhMDt05Etis9edbmINjxZ","f2951e7202a8cbe879c81d398201d7def971c37d",{"_type":121,"blurHash":3522,"dimensions":3523,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":3524,"palette":3525},"V4C6#s9D}ZD[$c?ctIIqsDIWH[E9O*-;oxrM9b%I.O-:",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":3526,"darkVibrant":3529,"dominant":3532,"lightMuted":3533,"lightVibrant":3536,"muted":3539,"vibrant":3542},{"_type":134,"background":3527,"foreground":136,"population":3528,"title":136},"#515134",4.02,{"_type":134,"background":3530,"foreground":136,"population":3531,"title":136},"#665d0d",6.75,{"_type":134,"background":3530,"foreground":136,"population":3531,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":3534,"foreground":136,"population":3535,"title":136},"#a0927f",1.67,{"_type":134,"background":3537,"foreground":146,"population":3538,"title":136},"#ccd07f",2.26,{"_type":134,"background":3540,"foreground":136,"population":3541,"title":136},"#8f7f76",2.54,{"_type":134,"background":3543,"foreground":146,"population":3544,"title":136},"#a3bc43",0.67,"Wasserfrosch_wiki_1.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/f2951e7202a8cbe879c81d398201d7def971c37d-2500x1850.jpg",1300195,"HrZA6pFVEnWkFV70JRB9QGr10p0RPnGR","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/f2951e7202a8cbe879c81d398201d7def971c37d-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":3551,"_type":8,"children":3552,"markDefs":3589,"style":24},"273ecd4993f9",[3553,3557,3561,3565,3569,3573,3577,3581,3585],{"_key":3554,"_type":12,"marks":3555,"text":3556},"02ed4d2d53f3",[],"\nA distinction between pool frog (",{"_key":3558,"_type":12,"marks":3559,"text":3560},"fd3eec217683",[800],"Elophylax lessonae",{"_key":3562,"_type":12,"marks":3563,"text":3564},"f656a3518148",[],"), edible frog (",{"_key":3566,"_type":12,"marks":3567,"text":3568},"da86d6955cfc",[800],"Pelophylax esculentus",{"_key":3570,"_type":12,"marks":3571,"text":3572},"daef31862d2b",[],") and marsh frog (",{"_key":3574,"_type":12,"marks":3575,"text":3576},"af20f57b0651",[800],"Elophylax ridibundus",{"_key":3578,"_type":12,"marks":3579,"text":3580},"b6d623741025",[],") is hardly possible and in Switzerland they are described collectively as the water frog complex (",{"_key":3582,"_type":12,"marks":3583,"text":3584},"626f340dd50a",[800],"Pelophylax agg.",{"_key":3586,"_type":12,"marks":3587,"text":3588},"2b97798d378d",[],") or as green frogs. Edible frogs are hybrids that arise from the mixture between the native pool frog and the introduced marsh frog. During the breeding season (mid-May to June), males establish territories (arenas), which they defend vigorously. All green frogs feed on almost any living prey they can catch, as long as it does not exceed about half their own body size. Large populations of edible frogs in particular can seriously impact, compete with, and strongly reduce the number of other amphibian species.",[],{"_type":1177,"markDefs":174,"rows":3591},[3592,3610,3629,3648,3667,3686,3705,3724,3743,3762,3781],{"_key":3593,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3594,"term":174,"termRich":3602},"a2f86ad58708",[3595],{"_key":3596,"_type":8,"children":3597,"markDefs":3601,"style":24},"a9ef031c35da",[3598],{"_key":3599,"_type":12,"marks":3600,"text":3584},"955fd97eb23c",[800],[],[3603],{"_key":3604,"_type":8,"children":3605,"markDefs":3609,"style":24},"c50a55aa2a43",[3606],{"_key":3607,"_type":12,"marks":3608,"text":1196},"0c575ea4be95",[],[],{"_key":3611,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3612,"term":174,"termRich":3621},"93c353698ad5",[3613],{"_key":3614,"_type":8,"children":3615,"markDefs":3620,"style":24},"4e22e6e7ae1a",[3616],{"_key":3617,"_type":12,"marks":3618,"text":3619},"b4d8d1e1c0a3",[],"Kleiner Wasserfrosch, Teichfrosch, Seefrosch",[],[3622],{"_key":3623,"_type":8,"children":3624,"markDefs":3628,"style":24},"b2b622439cc8",[3625],{"_key":3626,"_type":12,"marks":3627,"text":1216},"4104a72655bf",[],[],{"_key":3630,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3631,"term":174,"termRich":3640},"61dfb085f2bf",[3632],{"_key":3633,"_type":8,"children":3634,"markDefs":3639,"style":24},"636cc54e2b04",[3635],{"_key":3636,"_type":12,"marks":3637,"text":3638},"ec20829880c0",[],"Kleiner Wasserfrosch und Teichfrosch: Vulnerable (VU)",[],[3641],{"_key":3642,"_type":8,"children":3643,"markDefs":3647,"style":24},"25ed4a0e4013",[3644],{"_key":3645,"_type":12,"marks":3646,"text":1236},"9f558f807a0d",[],[],{"_key":3649,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3650,"term":174,"termRich":3659},"152dcb0a6a03",[3651],{"_key":3652,"_type":8,"children":3653,"markDefs":3658,"style":24},"2ca9e9aad759",[3654],{"_key":3655,"_type":12,"marks":3656,"text":3657},"6a8adc562c62",[],"-",[],[3660],{"_key":3661,"_type":8,"children":3662,"markDefs":3666,"style":24},"49b25f760fa3",[3663],{"_key":3664,"_type":12,"marks":3665,"text":1729},"01bf51a21088",[],[],{"_key":3668,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3669,"term":174,"termRich":3678},"6ce68528e12a",[3670],{"_key":3671,"_type":8,"children":3672,"markDefs":3677,"style":24},"6ce4d7e7cbb7",[3673],{"_key":3674,"_type":12,"marks":3675,"text":3676},"7ae2667b33f3",[],"4–15 cm",[],[3679],{"_key":3680,"_type":8,"children":3681,"markDefs":3685,"style":24},"141c32ecbc88",[3682],{"_key":3683,"_type":12,"marks":3684,"text":1276},"32bd78b1aa79",[],[],{"_key":3687,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3688,"term":174,"termRich":3697},"9577d0c63106",[3689],{"_key":3690,"_type":8,"children":3691,"markDefs":3696,"style":24},"5ad5c5bd6839",[3692],{"_key":3693,"_type":12,"marks":3694,"text":3695},"b861e17fc6ac",[],"Insects, spiders, worms, snails, aquatic organisms and juvenile amphibians",[],[3698],{"_key":3699,"_type":8,"children":3700,"markDefs":3704,"style":24},"501cfa841c88",[3701],{"_key":3702,"_type":12,"marks":3703,"text":1296},"1b8ff34bad02",[],[],{"_key":3706,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3707,"term":174,"termRich":3716},"7a0917563b0a",[3708],{"_key":3709,"_type":8,"children":3710,"markDefs":3715,"style":24},"5ec4c26528dd",[3711],{"_key":3712,"_type":12,"marks":3713,"text":3714},"5566fb462f1a",[],"Typically up to 1000 masl",[],[3717],{"_key":3718,"_type":8,"children":3719,"markDefs":3723,"style":24},"c4a96868c5b7",[3720],{"_key":3721,"_type":12,"marks":3722,"text":1316},"b2f8261285c0",[],[],{"_key":3725,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3726,"term":174,"termRich":3735},"7d34c1a8cfe2",[3727],{"_key":3728,"_type":8,"children":3729,"markDefs":3734,"style":24},"8bdd5f7a5dcf",[3730],{"_key":3731,"_type":12,"marks":3732,"text":3733},"3042fafbc169",[],"Early April to mid-October",[],[3736],{"_key":3737,"_type":8,"children":3738,"markDefs":3742,"style":24},"cceb3a84b8f1",[3739],{"_key":3740,"_type":12,"marks":3741,"text":1336},"67976822706c",[],[],{"_key":3744,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3745,"term":174,"termRich":3754},"4e9c46bef8db",[3746],{"_key":3747,"_type":8,"children":3748,"markDefs":3753,"style":24},"e53610ca087d",[3749],{"_key":3750,"_type":12,"marks":3751,"text":3752},"15b68aa9f278",[],"Months 4–7",[],[3755],{"_key":3756,"_type":8,"children":3757,"markDefs":3761,"style":24},"6485d71bcc66",[3758],{"_key":3759,"_type":12,"marks":3760,"text":2972},"8585e8e17782",[],[],{"_key":3763,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3764,"term":174,"termRich":3773},"ea365f82c883",[3765],{"_key":3766,"_type":8,"children":3767,"markDefs":3772,"style":24},"c8065f79ea42",[3768],{"_key":3769,"_type":12,"marks":3770,"text":3771},"622b47d9e4bc",[],"Common frog, agile frog, italian agile frog",[],[3774],{"_key":3775,"_type":8,"children":3776,"markDefs":3780,"style":24},"e2fb18c46220",[3777],{"_key":3778,"_type":12,"marks":3779,"text":1376},"cdc3b697d6d0",[],[],{"_key":3782,"definition":174,"definitionRich":174,"term":174,"termRich":174},"1f59d96f2f3b",{"_type":1119,"image":3784,"markDefs":174},{"_key":3785,"_type":1119,"asset":3786},"89163032f542",{"_createdAt":3128,"_id":3787,"_rev":3788,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":3128,"assetId":3789,"extension":119,"metadata":3790,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":3812,"path":3813,"sha1hash":3789,"size":3814,"uploadId":3815,"url":3816},"image-c3a8957944c1a8d2787c86666250bf0dab61fc40-2500x1850-jpg","gtUcc5GAbVP6IlcjzIEeVQ","c3a8957944c1a8d2787c86666250bf0dab61fc40",{"_type":121,"blurHash":3791,"dimensions":3792,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":3793,"palette":3794},"V7CY.}0505-n-90j^g$i5BSz03^#~S$xR+^#0P%b-lrs",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":3795,"darkVibrant":3798,"dominant":3800,"lightMuted":3801,"lightVibrant":3803,"muted":3806,"vibrant":3809},{"_type":134,"background":3796,"foreground":136,"population":3797,"title":136},"#241e14",14.22,{"_type":134,"background":3799,"foreground":136,"population":1141,"title":136},"#9c4104",{"_type":134,"background":3796,"foreground":136,"population":3797,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":3802,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#847a14",{"_type":134,"background":3804,"foreground":146,"population":3805,"title":146},"#e7da60",0.65,{"_type":134,"background":3807,"foreground":136,"population":3808,"title":136},"#75745c",0.48,{"_type":134,"background":3810,"foreground":146,"population":3811,"title":136},"#e1b32b",1.56,"Wasserfroschkomplex_annotation.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/c3a8957944c1a8d2787c86666250bf0dab61fc40-2500x1850.jpg",848267,"oL5cTi7BtPV4ZwrS9h0kb6MGpXJJM2rf","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/c3a8957944c1a8d2787c86666250bf0dab61fc40-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":3818,"_type":8,"children":3819,"markDefs":3823,"style":16},"7109fccb2768",[3820],{"_key":3821,"_type":12,"marks":3822,"text":1889},"697f70b2857d",[],[],{"_key":3825,"_type":8,"children":3826,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3831,"style":24},"2b086351fb05",[3827],{"_key":3828,"_type":12,"marks":3829,"text":3830},"e9d3baad4df6",[],"Pointed snout [1]",[],{"_key":3833,"_type":8,"children":3834,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3838,"style":24},"f4869d259ccc",[3835],{"_key":3828,"_type":12,"marks":3836,"text":3837},[],"Dark spot behind the eye not existing or only very diffuse [2]",[],{"_key":3840,"_type":8,"children":3841,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3845,"style":24},"c97b5bb5a517",[3842],{"_key":3828,"_type":12,"marks":3843,"text":3844},[],"Greenish body color, but can also be brown. [3]",[],{"_key":3847,"_type":8,"children":3848,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":3856,"style":24},"4bc31103720a",[3849,3852],{"_key":3828,"_type":12,"marks":3850,"text":3851},[],"Call: Typical frog croaking. Water frogs are responsible for the loud frog choruses that can be heard at ponds and pools in spring and summer. ",{"_key":3853,"_type":12,"marks":3854,"text":1947},"50ca93c2940a",[3855],"f5a8316a3ec6",[3857],{"_key":3855,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1950,"linkType":92,"title":1950},{"_key":3859,"_type":8,"children":3860,"markDefs":3863,"style":16},"84daeda82645",[3861],{"_key":3828,"_type":12,"marks":3862,"text":1546},[],[],{"_key":3865,"_type":8,"children":3866,"markDefs":3871,"style":24},"daea6b1cc8e0",[3867],{"_key":3868,"_type":12,"marks":3869,"text":3870},"2fc4324d0901",[],"Unlike other amphibians, which only enter the water to breed, water frogs are closely tied to aquatic habitats. The pool frog and the edible frog inhabit ponds, marshes, bogs, ditches, and floodplain depressions, as well as gravel pits and shallow, well-vegetated lake shores. Sunny sites are preferred. ",[],{"_key":3873,"_type":8,"children":3874,"markDefs":3878,"style":24},"c23b1aaaa432",[3875],{"_key":3868,"_type":12,"marks":3876,"text":3877},[],"In ponds and small water bodies with peat soils and herbaceous vegetation, the pool frog is often more common than the edible frog. The latter, however, dominates in most other types of water bodies and usually displaces the less competitive pool frog. The marsh frog remains in or close to water, even during winter, but is also capable of long-distance migration. Both the pool frog and the edible frog are mainly associated with open water and shoreline zones, but can also cover surprisingly large distances over land, for example, when they are searching for new habitats.",[],{"_type":186,"current":3880},"water-frog","Water frog",{"_id":3883,"category":3884,"citation":3886,"content":3919,"slug":4255,"title":4257},"271832e0-7400-46d1-b9b4-e9160c66f775",{"_id":1074,"slug":3885,"title":1077},{"_type":186,"current":1076},[3887,3904],{"_key":3888,"_type":8,"children":3889,"markDefs":3901,"style":24},"db3690e69967",[3890,3894,3898],{"_key":3891,"_type":12,"marks":3892,"text":3893},"30e3c5984507",[],"More information on the yellow-bellied toad: ",{"_key":3895,"_type":12,"marks":3896,"text":1090},"77243d581ca3",[3897],"91e05ce3bea5",{"_key":3899,"_type":12,"marks":3900,"text":1094},"75513b58fa7d",[],[3902],{"_key":3897,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":3903,"linkType":92,"title":3903},"https://www.infofauna.ch/de/beratungsstellen/amphibien-karch/die-amphibien/arten/gelbbauchunke#gsc.tab=0",{"_key":3905,"_type":8,"children":3906,"markDefs":3917,"style":24},"07e2944303e2",[3907,3910,3914],{"_key":3908,"_type":12,"marks":3909,"text":1104},"d57c496a3d9f",[],{"_key":3911,"_type":12,"marks":3912,"text":1109},"7bbd044cbf8d",[800,3913],"6d18e103fc75",{"_key":3915,"_type":12,"marks":3916,"text":1113},"c398170239a3",[],[3918],{"_key":3913,"_type":90,"href":1116,"linkType":92,"title":1116},[3920,3953,3961,4154,4187,4193,4200,4207,4214,4221,4228,4240,4247],{"_type":1119,"image":3921,"markDefs":174},{"_key":3922,"_type":1119,"asset":3923},"290f3b81494c",{"_createdAt":1384,"_id":3924,"_rev":3925,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":1384,"assetId":3926,"extension":119,"metadata":3927,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":3948,"path":3949,"sha1hash":3926,"size":3950,"uploadId":3951,"url":3952},"image-b8d766210d6f13dec4157ff4be599720d8becb2d-2500x1850-jpg","o0tNkHWVtuS3hBnA38zFiV","b8d766210d6f13dec4157ff4be599720d8becb2d",{"_type":121,"blurHash":3928,"dimensions":3929,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":3930,"palette":3931},"VCAJo@j[02V@~TI^t6xCNHf,4=kC^$WBIWxZNIR-%Jae",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wAARCAAPABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAFwABAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABwABBv/EACMQAAEDBAEEAwAAAAAAAAAAAAECAwQABQYRUQcTMWESITL/xAAXAQADAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAgME/8QAGhEAAgMBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIBAxESMf/aAAwDAQACEQMRAD8AB8YTJuV0Zjd8I2d7UfI4rrerOMotRjSYzmo5bG0qOyVeqOsflMJuTKpoc7AUPkWzpQHqkfLc/tVyt6oLNvU8tCA2zIe/SRzqkue2LV42YCiJzO+h1viqsJ2frxVW3SB//9k=",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":3932,"darkVibrant":3935,"dominant":3937,"lightMuted":3938,"lightVibrant":3941,"muted":3943,"vibrant":3946},{"_type":134,"background":3933,"foreground":136,"population":3934,"title":136},"#344755",1.83,{"_type":134,"background":3936,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#8c5c04",{"_type":134,"background":3933,"foreground":136,"population":3934,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":3939,"foreground":146,"population":3940,"title":136},"#bfb99d",1.64,{"_type":134,"background":3942,"foreground":146,"population":1395,"title":146},"#f7df79",{"_type":134,"background":3944,"foreground":136,"population":3945,"title":136},"#b29152",0.32,{"_type":134,"background":3947,"foreground":146,"population":1398,"title":136},"#edc424","Gelbbauchunke_wiki_1.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/b8d766210d6f13dec4157ff4be599720d8becb2d-2500x1850.jpg",629919,"u6yd1kpa7ZluV1eFPvN5wTU78hYu6HP0","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/b8d766210d6f13dec4157ff4be599720d8becb2d-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":3954,"_type":8,"children":3955,"markDefs":3960,"style":24},"660bc286391e",[3956],{"_key":3957,"_type":12,"marks":3958,"text":3959},"42547cd0e5d0",[],"\nIn the past, the yellow-bellied toad inhabited almost every type of small temporary pond in the lowlands. Today, the constantly changing conditions of, for example, gravel pits and military training areas, match its preferred habitat. Even puddles at construction sites can be colonised by this opportunistic pioneer species. In early summer, the grape-like egg clusters are attached to various objects in the water. Larval development proceeds rapidly in warm water and can be completed in as little as one month. Yellow-bellied toads spend the winter on land in ground crevices, burrows, and other shelters. They are considered highly mobile and can colonise new habitats over distances of several kilometers, nevertheless the population is in strong decline in many places.",[],{"_type":1177,"markDefs":174,"rows":3962},[3963,3982,4001,4019,4037,4056,4075,4094,4113,4132,4152],{"_key":3964,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3965,"term":174,"termRich":3974},"d59ad92297e6",[3966],{"_key":3967,"_type":8,"children":3968,"markDefs":3973,"style":24},"0567fd6779da",[3969],{"_key":3970,"_type":12,"marks":3971,"text":3972},"5e037590da5f",[800],"Bombina variegata",[],[3975],{"_key":3976,"_type":8,"children":3977,"markDefs":3981,"style":24},"f8a527870c59",[3978],{"_key":3979,"_type":12,"marks":3980,"text":1196},"ae503d2ad022",[],[],{"_key":3983,"definition":174,"definitionRich":3984,"term":174,"termRich":3993},"7c135845ae3f",[3985],{"_key":3986,"_type":8,"children":3987,"markDefs":3992,"style":24},"6370b523b41a",[3988],{"_key":3989,"_type":12,"marks":3990,"text":3991},"023bfe849c46",[],"Gelbbauchunke",[],[3994],{"_key":3995,"_type":8,"children":3996,"markDefs":4000,"style":24},"3a7200fe654c",[3997],{"_key":3998,"_type":12,"marks":3999,"text":1216},"268a2fe664c4",[],[],{"_key":4002,"definition":174,"definitionRich":4003,"term":174,"termRich":4011},"e3e328b1fa54",[4004],{"_key":4005,"_type":8,"children":4006,"markDefs":4010,"style":24},"213c13c1f488",[4007],{"_key":4008,"_type":12,"marks":4009,"text":2503},"9f7721065fcf",[],[],[4012],{"_key":4013,"_type":8,"children":4014,"markDefs":4018,"style":24},"af01b938ce9a",[4015],{"_key":4016,"_type":12,"marks":4017,"text":1236},"2fe7131cc35b",[],[],{"_key":4020,"definition":174,"definitionRich":4021,"term":174,"termRich":4029},"22bb1ae1a0ee",[4022],{"_key":4023,"_type":8,"children":4024,"markDefs":4028,"style":24},"0e25cb7fd283",[4025],{"_key":4026,"_type":12,"marks":4027,"text":2869},"36e789c9a51e",[],[],[4030],{"_key":4031,"_type":8,"children":4032,"markDefs":4036,"style":24},"4b3696006efe",[4033],{"_key":4034,"_type":12,"marks":4035,"text":1729},"deb3c3a7adaa",[],[],{"_key":4038,"definition":174,"definitionRich":4039,"term":174,"termRich":4048},"52cdd59e061b",[4040],{"_key":4041,"_type":8,"children":4042,"markDefs":4047,"style":24},"9fe5ee0b3d35",[4043],{"_key":4044,"_type":12,"marks":4045,"text":4046},"8dbdc2e05c9c",[],"3–5 cm",[],[4049],{"_key":4050,"_type":8,"children":4051,"markDefs":4055,"style":24},"47a7f6f6e987",[4052],{"_key":4053,"_type":12,"marks":4054,"text":1276},"d6f385639c6d",[],[],{"_key":4057,"definition":174,"definitionRich":4058,"term":174,"termRich":4067},"e24e5a1ae4f9",[4059],{"_key":4060,"_type":8,"children":4061,"markDefs":4066,"style":24},"cbd017dcc5eb",[4062],{"_key":4063,"_type":12,"marks":4064,"text":4065},"8a1c9b9a8ad6",[],"Arthropods, algae",[],[4068],{"_key":4069,"_type":8,"children":4070,"markDefs":4074,"style":24},"3c1fd7e6238f",[4071],{"_key":4072,"_type":12,"marks":4073,"text":1296},"02fbc7b17edd",[],[],{"_key":4076,"definition":174,"definitionRich":4077,"term":174,"termRich":4086},"f8f028507710",[4078],{"_key":4079,"_type":8,"children":4080,"markDefs":4085,"style":24},"faa72ab1f15e",[4081],{"_key":4082,"_type":12,"marks":4083,"text":4084},"85fce917b038",[],"Northern side of the alps, typically up to 700, max. 1600 masl",[],[4087],{"_key":4088,"_type":8,"children":4089,"markDefs":4093,"style":24},"524cd0467596",[4090],{"_key":4091,"_type":12,"marks":4092,"text":1316},"d44b870f98ec",[],[],{"_key":4095,"definition":174,"definitionRich":4096,"term":174,"termRich":4105},"2dff301cce3d",[4097],{"_key":4098,"_type":8,"children":4099,"markDefs":4104,"style":24},"b5ed032d569b",[4100],{"_key":4101,"_type":12,"marks":4102,"text":4103},"7cfd1d59afb3",[],"April to mid-October",[],[4106],{"_key":4107,"_type":8,"children":4108,"markDefs":4112,"style":24},"31992141d2c2",[4109],{"_key":4110,"_type":12,"marks":4111,"text":1336},"2e0af336e9d5",[],[],{"_key":4114,"definition":174,"definitionRich":4115,"term":174,"termRich":4124},"68f3395167b9",[4116],{"_key":4117,"_type":8,"children":4118,"markDefs":4123,"style":24},"8044641ff4ae",[4119],{"_key":4120,"_type":12,"marks":4121,"text":4122},"91932c532b2d",[],"Months 5–7",[],[4125],{"_key":4126,"_type":8,"children":4127,"markDefs":4131,"style":24},"3c9b4fc04f85",[4128],{"_key":4129,"_type":12,"marks":4130,"text":2972},"d64f01bafaec",[],[],{"_key":4133,"definition":174,"definitionRich":4134,"term":174,"termRich":4143},"69118ba03a9c",[4135],{"_key":4136,"_type":8,"children":4137,"markDefs":4142,"style":24},"26afc38abffc",[4138],{"_key":4139,"_type":12,"marks":4140,"text":4141},"01f5852286cf",[],"Common toad, midwife toad",[],[4144],{"_key":4145,"_type":8,"children":4146,"markDefs":4151,"style":24},"74415fb010ae",[4147],{"_key":4148,"_type":12,"marks":4149,"text":4150},"0000c46c0ab7",[],"Can be easily confused with",[],{"_key":4153,"definition":174,"definitionRich":174,"term":174,"termRich":174},"75f314b99d71",{"_type":1119,"image":4155,"markDefs":174},{"_key":4156,"_type":1119,"asset":4157},"0adf0134986f",{"_createdAt":1126,"_id":4158,"_rev":4159,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":1126,"assetId":4160,"extension":119,"metadata":4161,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":4182,"path":4183,"sha1hash":4160,"size":4184,"uploadId":4185,"url":4186},"image-6e732d7bbcd3a6a8070b3a9a5ec88033db61dc0e-2500x1850-jpg","vbhMDt05Etis9edbmINhR5","6e732d7bbcd3a6a8070b3a9a5ec88033db61dc0e",{"_type":121,"blurHash":4162,"dimensions":4163,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":4164,"palette":4165},"VDB{Y}R-0NslE3M}s:s:WCoe03s,~9S4%0%1IpNHxZa#",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":1131,"height":1132,"width":1133},"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":4166,"darkVibrant":4169,"dominant":4171,"lightMuted":4174,"lightVibrant":4176,"muted":4178,"vibrant":4181},{"_type":134,"background":4167,"foreground":136,"population":4168,"title":136},"#4c3c27",0.62,{"_type":134,"background":4170,"foreground":136,"population":3023,"title":136},"#221704",{"_type":134,"background":4172,"foreground":146,"population":4173,"title":136},"#be9259",12,{"_type":134,"background":4175,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#8e590a",{"_type":134,"background":4177,"foreground":146,"population":1495,"title":146},"#f8d6a3",{"_type":134,"background":4179,"foreground":136,"population":4180,"title":136},"#987547",1.61,{"_type":134,"background":4172,"foreground":146,"population":4173,"title":136},"Gelbbauchunke_wiki_annotation.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/6e732d7bbcd3a6a8070b3a9a5ec88033db61dc0e-2500x1850.jpg",818860,"iJ5OVEDlOP0B0SgqSFgSzfVlgKBAyuF1","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/6e732d7bbcd3a6a8070b3a9a5ec88033db61dc0e-2500x1850.jpg",{"_key":4188,"_type":8,"children":4189,"markDefs":4192,"style":16},"762dfe2830eb",[4190],{"_key":3957,"_type":12,"marks":4191,"text":1889},[],[],{"_key":4194,"_type":8,"children":4195,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":4199,"style":24},"bfb898af451c",[4196],{"_key":4197,"_type":12,"marks":4198,"text":3044},"f288c1886813",[],[],{"_key":4201,"_type":8,"children":4202,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":4206,"style":24},"f4ee07db67e2",[4203],{"_key":4197,"_type":12,"marks":4204,"text":4205},[],"Pupil in the form of a heart [2]",[],{"_key":4208,"_type":8,"children":4209,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":4213,"style":24},"27121250e20c",[4210],{"_key":4197,"_type":12,"marks":4211,"text":4212},[],"Yellow throat and belly [3]",[],{"_key":4215,"_type":8,"children":4216,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":4220,"style":24},"5e1b1fd823e0",[4217],{"_key":4197,"_type":12,"marks":4218,"text":4219},[],"Warty skin [4]",[],{"_key":4222,"_type":8,"children":4223,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":4227,"style":24},"0ea1318196e6",[4224],{"_key":4197,"_type":12,"marks":4225,"text":4226},[],"Yellow underside (M and F) [5]",[],{"_key":4229,"_type":8,"children":4230,"level":1404,"listItem":1432,"markDefs":4238,"style":24},"8ca6fa9af87f",[4231,4234],{"_key":4197,"_type":12,"marks":4232,"text":4233},[],"Call: uh uh uh. ",{"_key":4235,"_type":12,"marks":4236,"text":1947},"edb09ee6e736",[4237],"0168a1a05c2b",[4239],{"_key":4237,"_type":90,"blank":129,"href":1950,"linkType":92,"title":1950},{"_key":4241,"_type":8,"children":4242,"markDefs":4246,"style":16},"1ecac15dd440",[4243],{"_key":4244,"_type":12,"marks":4245,"text":1546},"d6fe9e53f39e",[],[],{"_key":4248,"_type":8,"children":4249,"markDefs":4254,"style":24},"88fa3d071c84",[4250],{"_key":4251,"_type":12,"marks":4252,"text":4253},"b5a13cc87be7",[],"The yellow-bellied toad lives in habitats that provide several, usually shallow, warm and partly vegetated small water bodies. Its breeding sites can include rain pools, standing puddles in ruts, or occasionally scoured ponds at the edges of flowing water bodies. Even sunny, lightly trafficked wheel-rut pools are used for egg deposition. Suitable breeding waters hold water for at least three months in summer, but dry out or are flushed out every year. The drying eliminates potential predators. The terrestrial habitats of the yellow-bellied toad must provide sufficient soil moisture and shelter year-round. Suitable structures include leaf litter in herbaceous vegetation, fallen wood or grass, and loose forest soil.",[],{"_type":186,"current":4256},"yellow-bellied-toad","Yellow-bellied toad",{"_createdAt":4259,"_id":429,"_rev":4260,"_system":4261,"_type":426,"_updatedAt":4264,"articleLinks":174,"authors":4265,"category":4294,"citation":4296,"content":4330,"intro":5368,"language":5377,"relatedArticles":174,"remarks":5378,"shortSlug":5574,"slug":5575,"title":513,"titleImage":5576,"titleImageArray":5615,"titleStyle":4609},"2023-11-16T10:33:12Z","ci4zAxlS92c5lxcUZhGPqu",{"base":4262},{"id":429,"rev":4263},"apOEUP2dRQMLNVrxyzHEWA","2026-09-04T08:08:29Z",[4266],{"about":4267,"firstName":462,"lastName":463,"slug":4292},[4268],{"_key":4269,"_type":8,"children":4270,"markDefs":4291,"style":24},"50b467529814",[4271,4275,4279,4283,4287],{"_key":4272,"_type":12,"marks":4273,"text":4274},"939b4b0732cb",[],"Federico Luisetti is a professor of Italian and Environmental Humanities at the University of St. Gallen. He is the author of books and essays in critical theory and the environmental humanities, including ",{"_key":4276,"_type":12,"marks":4277,"text":4278},"50ef391c92b4",[800],"Nonhuman Subjects. An Ecology of Earth-Beings",{"_key":4280,"_type":12,"marks":4281,"text":4282},"9b5db29385b7",[]," (Cambridge University Press 2023; published also in Italian, French, German, and Japanese) and ",{"_key":4284,"_type":12,"marks":4285,"text":4286},"c12be4d75a67",[800],"The Anomie of the Earth: Philosophy, Politics, and Autonomy in Europe and the Americas",{"_key":4288,"_type":12,"marks":4289,"text":4290},"53663ccb14e8",[]," (with John Pickles and Wilson Kaiser, eds., Duke University Press 2015).",[],{"_type":186,"current":4293},"federico-luisetti",{"slug":4295,"title":188},{"_type":186,"current":187},[4297,4305],{"_key":4298,"_type":8,"children":4299,"markDefs":4304,"style":24},"0c26d0ad9979",[4300],{"_key":4301,"_type":12,"marks":4302,"text":4303},"2f1ed26681ea",[],"Cover image: Detail from the Sewage Treatment Plant Werdhölzli, Zürich. © Christoph Miler.",[],{"_key":4306,"_type":8,"children":4307,"markDefs":4328,"style":24},"d42a85fed277",[4308,4311,4315,4319,4324],{"_key":4301,"_type":12,"marks":4309,"text":4310},[],"Please cite as follows: Luisetti, F. (2026). The Frog and the Sewage Treatment Plant. ",{"_key":4312,"_type":12,"marks":4313,"text":4314},"2143ed059e62",[800],"Shared Habitats, 1 (Amphibious Living).",{"_key":4316,"_type":12,"marks":4317,"text":4318},"6402d58fe5ea",[]," DOI: ",{"_key":4320,"_type":12,"marks":4321,"text":4323},"203c5186c567",[4322],"a128f51ecf48","https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19709406",{"_key":4325,"_type":12,"marks":4326,"text":4327},"82c090ad4a45",[],". This contribution is licensed under the CC-BY-NC-ND License 4.0 International (Creative Commons, Attribution, Non Commercial, No Derivatives). The reuse of material from other sources may require further authorizations for use by the respective copyright holders.",[4329],{"_key":4322,"_type":90,"href":4323,"linkType":92,"title":4323},[4331,4341,4416,4557,4610,4666,4675,4722,4731,4798,4844,4853,4862,4902,4938,4967,5014,5059,5103,5145,5190,5199,5253,5289,5298,5307,5351],{"_key":4332,"_type":8,"children":4333,"glossarDefs":4338,"id":4332,"markDefs":4339,"style":4340},"fccda0339899",[4334],{"_key":4335,"_type":12,"marks":4336,"text":4337},"d1ecdb22715a",[],"The Frog",[],[],"h2",{"_key":4342,"_type":8,"children":4343,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":4362,"markDefs":4363,"style":24},"2be8075e5d93",[4344,4348,4353,4357],{"_key":4345,"_type":12,"marks":4346,"text":4347},"8a9099873c83",[],"In Switzerland, Article 20, Annex 3 of the Ordinance on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage (January 16, 1991) states that all amphibians (frogs, toads, salamanders, newts) are protected by the ",{"_key":4349,"_type":12,"id":4349,"marks":4350,"text":4352},"450ea05117ed",[4351],"5779ac40d2de","law.",{"_key":4354,"_type":12,"marks":4355,"text":4356},"420a686d12f4",[]," Thanks to nature conservation associations, as well as federal, cantonal, and local initiatives led by herpetologists and communities, schools and citizen engagement, several efforts have been made to put this principle into action through the identification of endangered species, the rescue of amphibians, the mapping and conservation of breeding sites and dispersal routes, the construction of ecological corridors, temporary ponds, and “blue-green” ",{"_key":4358,"_type":12,"id":4358,"marks":4359,"text":4361},"791a775a0c8e",[4360],"73e6018ed218","infrastructures.",[],[4364,4381],{"_key":4351,"_type":4365,"content":4366,"id":4351},"footnote",[4367],{"_key":4368,"_type":8,"children":4369,"markDefs":4379,"style":24},"0967eff65de9",[4370,4374],{"_key":4371,"_type":12,"marks":4372,"text":4373},"9a47e0b491ca",[],"Amphibian species and their habitats have been protected by law since 1966. See ",{"_key":4375,"_type":12,"marks":4376,"text":4378},"02ac26c9f263",[4377],"b8daf5f75317","https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/1991/249_249_249/en",[4380],{"_key":4377,"_type":90,"href":4378,"linkType":92,"title":4378},{"_key":4360,"_type":4365,"content":4382,"id":4360},[4383],{"_key":4384,"_type":8,"children":4385,"markDefs":4412,"style":24},"4390a96ca37a",[4386,4390,4395,4399,4403,4407],{"_key":4387,"_type":12,"marks":4388,"text":4389},"a8537406c205",[],"“The major player in amphibian conservation in Switzerland is the ‘Koordinationsstelle für Amphibien- und Reptilienschutz in der Schweiz (acronym: karch), the Swiss amphibian and reptile conservation program (",{"_key":4391,"_type":12,"marks":4392,"text":4394},"4cbfc255c5bf",[4393],"16219cd7416f","www.karch.ch",{"_key":4396,"_type":12,"marks":4397,"text":4398},"d0113edb424e",[],": website available in German, French and Italian). Founded in 1979, karch is an independent foundation supported by the Swiss federal office for the environment,” Benedikt R Schmidt and Silvia Zumbach, “Amphibian conservation in Switzerland – Karch and the story so far.” ",{"_key":4400,"_type":12,"marks":4401,"text":4402},"8d1bb18c005a",[800],"Froglog. Conservation news for the herpetological community",{"_key":4404,"_type":12,"marks":4405,"text":4406},"8ecbbeae0900",[],", March 2012 Vol. 101: ISSN: 1026-0269. Switzerland designated a total of 929 amphibian breeding sites of national importance. See ",{"_key":4408,"_type":12,"marks":4409,"text":4411},"6b70abfad8dc",[4410],"af6c551450d1","https://biotopschutz.wsl.ch/en/module-amphibian-breeding-sites/",[4413,4415],{"_key":4393,"_type":90,"href":4414,"linkType":92,"title":4414},"http://www.karch.ch",{"_key":4410,"_type":90,"href":4411,"linkType":92,"title":4411},{"_key":4417,"_type":8,"children":4418,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":4467,"markDefs":4468,"style":24},"2bbf51ef59ad",[4419,4423,4428,4432,4437,4441,4446,4450,4455,4459,4463],{"_key":4420,"_type":12,"marks":4421,"text":4422},"93d532950ecf",[],"Despite this mobilization, 15 of the 19 amphibian species mapped in Switzerland “are considered critically endangered, four least concerned, and one regionally ",{"_key":4424,"_type":12,"id":4424,"marks":4425,"text":4427},"a554e326d5c2",[4426],"d6cc412b2873","extinct”.",{"_key":4429,"_type":12,"marks":4430,"text":4431},"180b3da7940b",[]," A trend that resonates with planetary dynamics: according to the 2023 “State of the World’s Amphibians”, 41% of amphibians are globally endangered, with habitat loss, epidemics of infectious diseases, and climate change being the main causes of ",{"_key":4433,"_type":12,"id":4433,"marks":4434,"text":4436},"198002dc6b21",[4435],"cbdba792c040","this.",{"_key":4438,"_type":12,"marks":4439,"text":4440},"60857c098c0c",[]," In Switzerland, the main reason for the population decline of amphibians is the destruction of their preferred habitat, wetlands: since 1850, 90% of them have been ",{"_key":4442,"_type":12,"id":4442,"marks":4443,"text":4445},"845a08ca98d0",[4444],"8182ba110229","drained,",{"_key":4447,"_type":12,"marks":4448,"text":4449},"916cc4674d8d",[]," or wiped out by urban or agricultural development. Amphibians are the most vulnerable class of vertebrates worldwide, a revealing casualty of the ongoing sixth mass ",{"_key":4451,"_type":12,"id":4451,"marks":4452,"text":4454},"f39fe0a868da",[4453],"c832edefd512","extinction.",{"_key":4456,"_type":12,"marks":4457,"text":4458},"60f8ee5cb7f8",[]," Although they have been around for 370 million years and survived four previous mass extinctions, ",{"_key":4460,"_type":12,"id":4460,"marks":4461,"text":4462},"f610458d3546",[800],"homo sapiens,",{"_key":4464,"_type":12,"marks":4465,"text":4466},"0c1abc03c894",[]," a species that emerged from natural evolution only 300,000 years ago, is now exterminating them.",[],[4469,4493,4517,4541],{"_key":4426,"_type":4365,"content":4470,"id":4426},[4471],{"_key":4472,"_type":8,"children":4473,"markDefs":4491,"style":24},"55bbafaa9d91",[4474,4478,4482,4487],{"_key":4475,"_type":12,"marks":4476,"text":4477},"e809526be211",[800],"Rote Liste der Amphibien der Schweiz",{"_key":4479,"_type":12,"marks":4480,"text":4481},"64c3699a19a2",[],". ",{"_key":4483,"_type":12,"marks":4484,"text":4486},"8aababd525d0",[4485],"32cc78ca7b45","https://www.infofauna.ch/de/beratungsstellen/amphibien-karch/schutz/rote-liste#gsc.tab=0",{"_key":4488,"_type":12,"marks":4489,"text":4490},"41215cf9ecb6",[]," (retrieved 7.4.2026)",[4492],{"_key":4485,"_type":90,"href":4486,"linkType":92,"title":4486},{"_key":4444,"_type":4365,"content":4494,"id":4444},[4495],{"_key":4496,"_type":8,"children":4497,"markDefs":4515,"style":24},"85178aba5cc5",[4498,4502,4506,4511],{"_key":4499,"_type":12,"marks":4500,"text":4501},"2b6895b9e454",[800],"Biodiversität in der Schweiz. Zustand und Entwicklung",{"_key":4503,"_type":12,"marks":4504,"text":4505},"7ef739cc1775",[],". 2023. Federal Office for the Environment, Forests and Landscape (FOEFL) / Swiss Confederation. Available at: ",{"_key":4507,"_type":12,"marks":4508,"text":4510},"07fd2afe3552",[4509],"404013a95162","https://www.bafu.admin.ch/de/zustand-der-biodiversitaet-in-der-schweiz",{"_key":4512,"_type":12,"marks":4513,"text":4514},"c45787324d28",[]," (retrieved 9.12.2025)",[4516],{"_key":4509,"_type":90,"href":4510,"linkType":92,"title":4510},{"_key":4453,"_type":4365,"content":4518,"id":4453},[4519],{"_key":4520,"_type":8,"children":4521,"markDefs":4539,"style":24},"a8b2028d2e18",[4522,4526,4530,4534],{"_key":4523,"_type":12,"marks":4524,"text":4525},"b631d0920bfa",[],"Wake, D. B., & Vredenburg, V. T. (2008). ",{"_key":4527,"_type":12,"marks":4528,"text":4529},"0a542327743b",[800],"Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians.",{"_key":4531,"_type":12,"marks":4532,"text":4533},"9bf469b3bd6d",[]," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(Supplement 1), 11466–11473. ",{"_key":4535,"_type":12,"marks":4536,"text":4538},"7d84094c8b2e",[4537],"a0cc1809127a","https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0801921105",[4540],{"_key":4537,"_type":90,"href":4538,"linkType":92,"title":4538},{"_key":4435,"_type":4365,"content":4542,"id":4435},[4543],{"_key":4544,"_type":8,"children":4545,"markDefs":4555,"style":24},"7a118f2a4c91",[4546,4550],{"_key":4547,"_type":12,"marks":4548,"text":4549},"a5ffbfd25b85",[800],"The tools to understand. The knowledge to act. ",{"_key":4551,"_type":12,"marks":4552,"text":4554},"b4a5ea60815c",[4553],"bd3ca1dde51c","https://www.amphibians.org/resources/state-of-the-worlds-amphibians/",[4556],{"_key":4553,"_type":90,"href":4554,"linkType":92,"title":4554},{"_key":4558,"_type":4559,"caption":4560,"captionPosition":4569,"imagePrint":174,"imageWeb":4570,"markDefs":174,"pdfLayout":4609,"pdfRotate":128,"counter":1404},"5c3d3cde2868","pictureBlockArticle",[4561],{"_key":4562,"_type":8,"children":4563,"markDefs":4568,"style":24},"6aad05b79922",[4564],{"_key":4565,"_type":12,"marks":4566,"text":4567},"20718a88f770",[],"Road signs like this should protect amphibians from being run over by cars during their spawning period. © Momo_2210 (via pixabay).",[],"left",{"_type":212,"asset":4571},{"_createdAt":4572,"_id":4573,"_rev":4574,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":4575,"assetId":4576,"extension":119,"metadata":4577,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":4604,"path":4605,"sha1hash":4576,"size":4606,"uploadId":4607,"url":4608},"2026-04-30T13:30:30Z","image-a7bd7c729e5408bda5fecdbf1a13939e01e12523-3138x2092-jpg","o0tNkHWVtuS3hBnA38zMmH","2026-04-30T13:30:32Z","a7bd7c729e5408bda5fecdbf1a13939e01e12523",{"_type":121,"blurHash":4578,"dimensions":4579,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":4583,"palette":4584,"thumbHash":4603},"V9BXJtaM00RP^l8xMzxbR+%z00ae~qWCIn?IWUTCMyH@",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":4580,"height":4581,"width":4582},1.5,2092,3138,"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":4585,"darkVibrant":4588,"dominant":4590,"lightMuted":4591,"lightVibrant":4594,"muted":4597,"vibrant":4600},{"_type":134,"background":4586,"foreground":136,"population":4587,"title":136},"#3f3e29",2.29,{"_type":134,"background":4589,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#087428",{"_type":134,"background":4586,"foreground":136,"population":4587,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":4592,"foreground":146,"population":4593,"title":146},"#b8d8c5",0.52,{"_type":134,"background":4595,"foreground":146,"population":4596,"title":146},"#d2f5dd",0.16,{"_type":134,"background":4598,"foreground":146,"population":4599,"title":136},"#9ea759",0.24,{"_type":134,"background":4601,"foreground":136,"population":4602,"title":136},"#159451",1.25,"k8gNDYIHl4h0eHl1e5eHhvdcqt9p","momo_2210-natural-reserve-4137213.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/a7bd7c729e5408bda5fecdbf1a13939e01e12523-3138x2092.jpg",3275381,"Ixm7y1pfhEQy8RPFbYVQXnAm1Pk7LsOK","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/a7bd7c729e5408bda5fecdbf1a13939e01e12523-3138x2092.jpg","default",{"_key":4611,"_type":8,"children":4612,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":4635,"markDefs":4636,"style":24},"7f63024acb6c",[4613,4617,4622,4626,4631],{"_key":4614,"_type":12,"marks":4615,"text":4616},"d5129a9887e3",[],"The astonishing diversity, ecosystem-specific life cycles, permeable skin, dual life in water and on land, and constant exposure to a wide variety of environments make amphibians a revealing case study for both ecology and critical theory. Almost 9,000 amphibian species are currently known, and about 150 new ones are described each ",{"_key":4618,"_type":12,"id":4618,"marks":4619,"text":4621},"e9510ade8f10",[4620],"765cd5f0e97c","year.",{"_key":4623,"_type":12,"marks":4624,"text":4625},"bbc3f2d3445a",[]," Their physiological flexibility, genetic adaptability, and developmental plasticity have allowed them to survive and thrive in heterogeneous ecosystems, from tropical forests to dry deserts and frozen tundra. Yet their unique ability to integrate closely with local biomes, which has served them well throughout evolutionary history, has now become a liability. The key strength of these biological prodigies—the intimate contact with the environment through cutaneous respiration, complex caring behaviours, and ",{"_key":4627,"_type":12,"id":4627,"marks":4628,"text":4630},"d521a2499a1b",[4629],"0df47848879a","ectotherm",{"_key":4632,"_type":12,"marks":4633,"text":4634},"95a03d4303fa",[]," —is making them vulnerable to human-induced modifications of the environment. When a frog lays eggs in ponds, develops into a larva, and then embarks on a terrestrial life involving migrations and hibernation, a hostile and simplified urban or agricultural environment in a changing climate regime disrupts its life cycle.",[],[4637,4647],{"_key":4629,"_type":4365,"content":4638,"id":4629},[4639],{"_key":4640,"_type":8,"children":4641,"markDefs":4646,"style":24},"20a31017d8ec",[4642],{"_key":4643,"_type":12,"marks":4644,"text":4645},"f5803008f5d3",[],"Ectotherms absorb heat from their environment since their body temperature is not internally regulated.",[],{"_key":4620,"_type":4365,"content":4648,"id":4620},[4649],{"_key":4650,"_type":8,"children":4651,"markDefs":4664,"style":24},"167185e2c617",[4652,4656,4659],{"_key":4653,"_type":12,"marks":4654,"text":4655},"51131e868c31",[800],"AmphibiaWeb",{"_key":4657,"_type":12,"marks":4658,"text":4481},"c6236b05f5d9",[],{"_key":4660,"_type":12,"marks":4661,"text":4663},"b7441af16d5d",[4662],"3075afa6aa88","https://amphibiaweb.org/index.html",[4665],{"_key":4662,"_type":90,"href":4663,"linkType":92,"title":4663},{"_key":4667,"_type":8,"children":4668,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":4673,"markDefs":4674,"style":24},"82fdc1ae8d87",[4669],{"_key":4670,"_type":12,"marks":4671,"text":4672},"4e825fb7ab0d",[],"In this contribution, I will not review the achievements and limitations of the increasingly am-phibian-conscious practices of Swiss society. Instead, I will devote myself to a reflection on a single, concrete case of contact between the amphibian world and the world modified and built by humans. An encounter that I witnessed during a field trip at the Werdhölzli wastewater treat-ment plant of Zurich on September 21, 2024. How generalizable this example might be, I cannot say. I therefore leave it to the readers to extract from these observations any insights that may be useful for their own worlds.",[],[],{"_key":4676,"_type":8,"children":4677,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":4691,"markDefs":4692,"style":24},"0c6a4a8e208e",[4678,4682,4687],{"_key":4679,"_type":12,"marks":4680,"text":4681},"8d5141751291",[],"The context for this experience was a research project on “ecosocial transitions” carried out jointly by Colombian and Swiss-based ",{"_key":4683,"_type":12,"id":4683,"marks":4684,"text":4686},"e2e6ca12a987",[4685],"2e6b8238fd69","researchers.",{"_key":4688,"_type":12,"marks":4689,"text":4690},"cd9ea2752066",[]," Together, we visited the Werdhölzli sewage treatment plant to study the biosocial implications of urban infrastructures. While taking notes on the technical processes of wastewater treatment, we noticed a few seemingly out-of-place low-tech objects: a series of small wooden huts housing unassuming closed plastic boxes.",[],[4693],{"_key":4685,"_type":4365,"content":4694,"id":4685},[4695],{"_key":4696,"_type":8,"children":4697,"markDefs":4720,"style":24},"27e4b28dac9b",[4698,4702,4707,4711,4716],{"_key":4699,"_type":12,"marks":4700,"text":4701},"d62f89517417",[],"“Designing a framework for regional ecosocial transitions: A river-centered approach” (",{"_key":4703,"_type":12,"marks":4704,"text":4706},"df915f1f004c",[4705],"6d9ebc7acb91","https://unrulynatures.ch/A-River-centered-Approach-2024",{"_key":4708,"_type":12,"marks":4709,"text":4710},"f73b9224b48a",[],"). The project included a network of participants from both Switzerland and Colombia, which carried on field work in the Cauca river in Colombia and the Limmat/Sihl rivers in Switzerland (December 2023–December 2024). The three day workshop in Zurich, Switzerland (September 19-22, 2024) explored the Limmat River Valley, a bioregion shaped by agricultural and industrial production and infrastructure that is currently being reimagined through ",{"_key":4712,"_type":12,"marks":4713,"text":4715},"8cb4beb2eddc",[4714],"underline","renaturation ",{"_key":4717,"_type":12,"marks":4718,"text":4719},"ebb735ca8f97",[],"projects.",[4721],{"_key":4705,"_type":90,"href":4706,"linkType":92,"title":4706},{"_key":4723,"_type":8,"children":4724,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":4729,"markDefs":4730,"style":24},"0edf2b53ae4f",[4725],{"_key":4726,"_type":12,"marks":4727,"text":4728},"13bbd7bb8100",[],"Our guide, a patient and proud employee of the Werdhölzli, explained that, if we were lucky, we might catch a glimpse of the amphibians that had managed to escape the cogs and chemicals of the treatment plant. And indeed, with a mixture of astonishment and pity, we spotted a survivor tucked in a corner of a plastic box: a lonely grass frog. We had just encountered one of the few amphibians that, although severely debilitated, had not shared the fate of the 15,000 annual victims of Zurich’s drainage system.",[],[],{"_key":4732,"_type":4559,"caption":4733,"captionPosition":4569,"imagePrint":174,"imageWeb":4742,"markDefs":174,"pdfLayout":4609,"pdfRotate":128,"counter":4769},"e6b1eaec02a0",[4734],{"_key":4735,"_type":8,"children":4736,"markDefs":4741,"style":24},"887c0bd11c94",[4737],{"_key":4738,"_type":12,"marks":4739,"text":4740},"524da91be71c",[],"Amphibian rescue infrastructure at the Werdhölzli sewage treatment, Zurich. © Büro für Wildtierarchitektur.",[],{"_type":212,"asset":4743},{"_createdAt":4744,"_id":4745,"_rev":4746,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":4747,"assetId":4748,"extension":119,"metadata":4749,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":4793,"path":4794,"sha1hash":4748,"size":4795,"uploadId":4796,"url":4797},"2026-04-30T13:30:27Z","image-5e92c502916f7b644822f05d8f9d86fdc2b54a27-3000x2129-jpg","gtUcc5GAbVP6IlcjzIFEWG","2026-04-30T13:30:28Z","5e92c502916f7b644822f05d8f9d86fdc2b54a27",{"_type":121,"blurHash":4750,"dimensions":4751,"exif":4754,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":4774,"palette":4775},"VVJkWMtRoLxu?b?wW?%2WXRi%MtRW;t7NH4.ozt7ayoJ",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":4752,"height":4753,"width":126},1.4091122592766556,2129,{"ApertureValue":4755,"BodySerialNumber":4756,"ColorSpace":1404,"CustomRendered":154,"DateTimeDigitized":4757,"DateTimeOriginal":4757,"ExposureBiasValue":4758,"ExposureMode":154,"ExposureProgram":4759,"ExposureTime":4760,"FNumber":4761,"Flash":4762,"FocalLength":4763,"FocalPlaneResolutionUnit":4759,"FocalPlaneXResolution":4764,"FocalPlaneYResolution":4764,"ISO":4765,"LensModel":4766,"LensSerialNumber":4767,"LensSpecification":4768,"MaxApertureValue":4769,"MeteringMode":4770,"PixelXDimension":126,"PixelYDimension":4753,"RecommendedExposureIndex":4765,"SceneCaptureType":154,"SensitivityType":4769,"ShutterSpeedValue":4771,"SubSecTime":4772,"SubSecTimeDigitized":4772,"SubSecTimeOriginal":4772,"WhiteBalance":154,"_type":4773},6.495855,"143055001921","2024-09-19T16:45:24.000Z",-0.5,3,0.008,9.5,16,35,1866.6666564941406,160,"EF35mm f/2 IS USM","000001b740",[4763,4763,174,174],2,5,6.965784,"00","sanity.imageExifMetadata","data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":4776,"darkVibrant":4779,"dominant":4781,"lightMuted":4783,"lightVibrant":4786,"muted":4789,"vibrant":4790},{"_type":134,"background":4777,"foreground":136,"population":4778,"title":136},"#473d3b",3.34,{"_type":134,"background":4780,"foreground":136,"population":2270,"title":136},"#882c19",{"_type":134,"background":4782,"foreground":136,"population":1153,"title":136},"#99827d",{"_type":134,"background":4784,"foreground":146,"population":4785,"title":136},"#c6b9ad",3.18,{"_type":134,"background":4787,"foreground":146,"population":4788,"title":146},"#f5ebe7",1.63,{"_type":134,"background":4782,"foreground":136,"population":1153,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":4791,"foreground":136,"population":4792,"title":136},"#c34441",0.37,"02_Werdhoelzli_leiter.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/5e92c502916f7b644822f05d8f9d86fdc2b54a27-3000x2129.jpg",1479032,"F0czSXNYwhx22lblGPAlet6FWfYu0HA2","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/5e92c502916f7b644822f05d8f9d86fdc2b54a27-3000x2129.jpg",{"_key":4799,"_type":4559,"caption":4800,"captionPosition":4569,"imagePrint":174,"imageWeb":4809,"markDefs":174,"pdfLayout":4609,"pdfRotate":128,"counter":4759},"d4eae7f786ed",[4801],{"_key":4802,"_type":8,"children":4803,"markDefs":4808,"style":24},"cac9ebd39c60",[4804],{"_key":4805,"_type":12,"marks":4806,"text":4807},"c820ae008a9c",[],"Amphibian rescue infrastructure at the Werdhölzli sewage treatment plant in Zurich. © The author.",[],{"_type":212,"asset":4810},{"_createdAt":4811,"_id":4812,"_rev":4813,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":4814,"assetId":4815,"extension":119,"metadata":4816,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":4839,"path":4840,"sha1hash":4815,"size":4841,"uploadId":4842,"url":4843},"2026-04-30T13:30:29Z","image-3281cea9cb8d69bd9e459610faa776b30f569803-3000x2129-jpg","vbhMDt05Etis9edbmIOCOP","2026-04-30T13:30:31Z","3281cea9cb8d69bd9e459610faa776b30f569803",{"_type":121,"blurHash":4817,"dimensions":4818,"exif":4819,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":4821,"palette":4822},"VgLN[Cx^E7t7Rkt:Rjs*ofn~-on#oIWXWE%LbcW?aeof",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":4752,"height":4753,"width":126},{"ApertureValue":4755,"BodySerialNumber":4756,"ColorSpace":1404,"CustomRendered":154,"DateTimeDigitized":4757,"DateTimeOriginal":4757,"ExposureBiasValue":4758,"ExposureMode":154,"ExposureProgram":4759,"ExposureTime":4760,"FNumber":4761,"Flash":4762,"FocalLength":4763,"FocalPlaneResolutionUnit":4759,"FocalPlaneXResolution":4764,"FocalPlaneYResolution":4764,"ISO":4765,"LensModel":4766,"LensSerialNumber":4767,"LensSpecification":4820,"MaxApertureValue":4769,"MeteringMode":4770,"PixelXDimension":126,"PixelYDimension":4753,"RecommendedExposureIndex":4765,"SceneCaptureType":154,"SensitivityType":4769,"ShutterSpeedValue":4771,"SubSecTime":4772,"SubSecTimeDigitized":4772,"SubSecTimeOriginal":4772,"WhiteBalance":154,"_type":4773},[4763,4763,174,174],"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":4823,"darkVibrant":4826,"dominant":4828,"lightMuted":4831,"lightVibrant":4833,"muted":4835,"vibrant":4838},{"_type":134,"background":4824,"foreground":136,"population":4825,"title":136},"#8b764b",2.63,{"_type":134,"background":4827,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#5d5027",{"_type":134,"background":4829,"foreground":146,"population":4830,"title":136},"#c7b57b",9.73,{"_type":134,"background":4832,"foreground":146,"population":3150,"title":136},"#a4bccd",{"_type":134,"background":4834,"foreground":146,"population":1141,"title":146},"#eee49e",{"_type":134,"background":4836,"foreground":136,"population":4837,"title":136},"#a89260",1.1,{"_type":134,"background":4829,"foreground":146,"population":4830,"title":136},"02_Sewage plant 4.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/3281cea9cb8d69bd9e459610faa776b30f569803-3000x2129.jpg",1208999,"CblfxBzaF9mjOsM9ahNh09DTPwio9yhc","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/3281cea9cb8d69bd9e459610faa776b30f569803-3000x2129.jpg",{"_key":4845,"_type":8,"children":4846,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":4851,"markDefs":4852,"style":24},"b21372ffa8b4",[4847],{"_key":4848,"_type":12,"marks":4849,"text":4850},"8a99569c5828",[],"The future of this frog was soon explained to us: it would be placed in a refrigerator along with hundreds of other amphibians that, by some means, had not succumbed before reaching their plastic rescue containers. With the arrival of spring, all these “fortunate” animals would be brought out of hibernation and transported by van to woods on the outskirts of the city, where they might eventually survive, provided they are not caught by predators, smashed by cars, or swallowed by water collection manholes.",[],[],{"_key":4854,"_type":8,"children":4855,"glossarDefs":4860,"id":4854,"markDefs":4861,"style":4340},"6fd5a6d6698f",[4856],{"_key":4857,"_type":12,"marks":4858,"text":4859},"d67c6c25de1c",[],"The Plant",[],[],{"_key":4863,"_type":8,"children":4864,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":4878,"markDefs":4879,"style":24},"762954353b1c",[4865,4869,4874],{"_key":4866,"_type":12,"marks":4867,"text":4868},"d10d54a28a02",[],"The Werdhölzli sewage treatment plant along the Limmat is the largest facility of this kind in Switzerland. It treats all the city of Zurich’s wastewater, an average of 2,200 liters of wastewater per ",{"_key":4870,"_type":12,"id":4870,"marks":4871,"text":4873},"a5c724a89673",[4872],"57462dfb72b4","second.",{"_key":4875,"_type":12,"marks":4876,"text":4877},"b89cf1e8625b",[]," After five stages of purification, this largely automated state-of-the-art facility discharges the cleaned water back into the Limmat river.",[],[4880],{"_key":4872,"_type":4365,"content":4881,"id":4872},[4882],{"_key":4883,"_type":8,"children":4884,"markDefs":4900,"style":24},"aa2191defb8b",[4885,4889,4892,4897],{"_key":4886,"_type":12,"marks":4887,"text":4888},"cb8d6d2a57a2",[800],"Abwasserreinigung, Stadt Zürich",{"_key":4890,"_type":12,"marks":4891,"text":4481},"8a128b10ecf0",[],{"_key":4893,"_type":12,"marks":4894,"text":4896},"0a4648531829",[4895],"ab1ff0c4f5fb","https://www.stadt-zuerich.ch/de/umwelt-und-energie/entsorgung/wo-und-wann-entsorgen/abwasserreinigung-werdhoelzli/abwasserreinigung.html",{"_key":4898,"_type":12,"marks":4899,"text":4490},"e38d68834781",[],[4901],{"_key":4895,"_type":90,"href":4896,"linkType":92,"title":4896},{"_key":4903,"_type":8,"children":4904,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":4918,"markDefs":4919,"style":24},"67ec462d3906",[4905,4909,4914],{"_key":4906,"_type":12,"marks":4907,"text":4908},"097b931a8228",[],"A paradigmatic feature of contemporary urban life, the Werdhölzli revealed itself during our visit as a site also inhabited by amphibians, whose foraging and reproductive habits make them vulnerable to the drains, pipelines, pumps, tanks, filters, grit chambers, and chemicals involved in the collection, conveyance, and treatment of urban wastewater. Caught by the drainage system, amphibians are the primary group of vertebrates drawn into this essential apparatus of ",{"_key":4910,"_type":12,"id":4910,"marks":4911,"text":4913},"eaf833cd3cc5",[4912],"dd32989077b3","hydro-modernity.",{"_key":4915,"_type":12,"marks":4916,"text":4917},"035254cb8d6b",[]," The circumstances that lead them to this industrial facility are poignantly described in a document released by the city of Zurich, written in a prose that does not conceal empathy for the cruel fate faced by these creatures:",[],[4920],{"_key":4912,"_type":4365,"content":4921,"id":4912},[4922],{"_key":4923,"_type":8,"children":4924,"markDefs":4937,"style":24},"3a1f6210f267",[4925,4929,4933],{"_key":4926,"_type":12,"marks":4927,"text":4928},"ab10bfff3f7b",[],"The term hydro-modernity was coined by geographer Erik Swyngedouw that describes the extraction, mobilization and processing of water flows through hydraulic infrastructures for economic gain. See Swyngedouw, E. (2015). ",{"_key":4930,"_type":12,"marks":4931,"text":4932},"a8bb66f4ae79",[800],"Liquid power: Contested hydro-modernities in twentieth-century Spain",{"_key":4934,"_type":12,"marks":4935,"text":4936},"f0d676b4d189",[],". The MIT Press.",[],{"_key":4939,"_type":8,"children":4940,"glossarDefs":4950,"markDefs":4951,"style":4966},"7fbbd002bc85",[4941,4945],{"_key":4942,"_type":12,"marks":4943,"text":4944},"6fee70bd654d",[],"“During their seasonal migrations, thousands of amphibians cross through Zurich’s urban areas. Roads pose a particular danger: curbstones with edges higher than 3 cm act as barriers that strongly influence the animals’ movements. Amphibians tend to follow the curb until they find a gap. In their search for a crossing point, they are left exposed to traffic, weather, and predators. In most cases, however, they are funnelled directly into street drains. Once trapped inside, they often die from exhaustion. If flushed through the sewer system or sucked out during drain cleaning, they reach the Werdhölzli sewage treatment plant in a severely weakened state. Surveys conducted by Green City Zurich (GSZ) between 2010 and 2012 revealed that at least 15,000 amphibians die each year in the drainage ",{"_key":4946,"_type":12,"id":4946,"marks":4947,"text":4949},"ce6faeb7336f",[4948],"0e2e5a2e2cfd","system.”",[],[4952],{"_key":4948,"_type":4365,"content":4953,"id":4948},[4954],{"_key":4955,"_type":8,"children":4956,"markDefs":4965,"style":24},"b42d3f767c42",[4957,4961],{"_key":4958,"_type":12,"marks":4959,"text":4960},"40aca979d4fa",[800],"Stadt Zürich, Tiefbau- und Entsorgungsdepartement",{"_key":4962,"_type":12,"marks":4963,"text":4964},"899222ae7ebf",[],", cit.",[],"narrow",{"_key":4968,"_type":4559,"caption":4969,"captionPosition":4569,"imagePrint":174,"imageWeb":4978,"markDefs":174,"pdfLayout":4609,"pdfRotate":128,"counter":5013},"f531386474f0",[4970],{"_key":4971,"_type":8,"children":4972,"markDefs":4977,"style":24},"96b9f551817c",[4973],{"_key":4974,"_type":12,"marks":4975,"text":4976},"ae9510e0d435",[],"Inside the Werdhölzli sewage treatment plant, Zurich. © The author.",[],{"_type":212,"asset":4979},{"_createdAt":4572,"_id":4980,"_rev":4981,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":4575,"assetId":4982,"extension":119,"metadata":4983,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":5008,"path":5009,"sha1hash":4982,"size":5010,"uploadId":5011,"url":5012},"image-93a407dce3b09b0d046f8b2130e9b4592e196b4f-3000x2129-jpg","o0tNkHWVtuS3hBnA38zMlc","93a407dce3b09b0d046f8b2130e9b4592e196b4f",{"_type":121,"blurHash":4984,"dimensions":4985,"exif":4986,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":4988,"palette":4989},"VZG8_:%hR+ofof_4ozRkj]ofR-Ioogt6ofWXt7%LRkay",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":4752,"height":4753,"width":126},{"ApertureValue":4755,"BodySerialNumber":4756,"ColorSpace":1404,"CustomRendered":154,"DateTimeDigitized":4757,"DateTimeOriginal":4757,"ExposureBiasValue":4758,"ExposureMode":154,"ExposureProgram":4759,"ExposureTime":4760,"FNumber":4761,"Flash":4762,"FocalLength":4763,"FocalPlaneResolutionUnit":4759,"FocalPlaneXResolution":4764,"FocalPlaneYResolution":4764,"ISO":4765,"LensModel":4766,"LensSerialNumber":4767,"LensSpecification":4987,"MaxApertureValue":4769,"MeteringMode":4770,"PixelXDimension":126,"PixelYDimension":4753,"RecommendedExposureIndex":4765,"SceneCaptureType":154,"SensitivityType":4769,"ShutterSpeedValue":4771,"SubSecTime":4772,"SubSecTimeDigitized":4772,"SubSecTimeOriginal":4772,"WhiteBalance":154,"_type":4773},[4763,4763,174,174],"data:image/jpeg;base64,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",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":4990,"darkVibrant":4993,"dominant":4996,"lightMuted":4997,"lightVibrant":5000,"muted":5003,"vibrant":5006},{"_type":134,"background":4991,"foreground":136,"population":4992,"title":136},"#685938",6.07,{"_type":134,"background":4994,"foreground":136,"population":4995,"title":136},"#64542c",0.17,{"_type":134,"background":4991,"foreground":136,"population":4992,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":4998,"foreground":146,"population":4999,"title":136},"#b5bec8",2.88,{"_type":134,"background":5001,"foreground":146,"population":5002,"title":136},"#a4b4d4",0.26,{"_type":134,"background":5004,"foreground":136,"population":5005,"title":136},"#7c6844",3.15,{"_type":134,"background":5007,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#b1944d","04_werdhoelzli_outside_1.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/93a407dce3b09b0d046f8b2130e9b4592e196b4f-3000x2129.jpg",2002774,"aKGh6crGedc5TVHre1veUmjT5UJS53AA","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/93a407dce3b09b0d046f8b2130e9b4592e196b4f-3000x2129.jpg",4,{"_key":5015,"_type":4559,"caption":5016,"captionPosition":4569,"imagePrint":174,"imageWeb":5025,"markDefs":174,"pdfLayout":4609,"pdfRotate":128,"counter":4770},"4242948d15f5",[5017],{"_key":5018,"_type":8,"children":5019,"markDefs":5024,"style":24},"0d68e2bc2732",[5020],{"_key":5021,"_type":12,"marks":5022,"text":5023},"7d15f8ad8ebe",[],"Infrastructure detail at the Werdhölzli sewage treatment plant, Zurich. © The author.",[],{"_type":212,"asset":5026},{"_createdAt":5027,"_id":5028,"_rev":5029,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":5030,"assetId":5031,"extension":218,"metadata":5032,"mimeType":241,"originalFilename":5054,"path":5055,"sha1hash":5031,"size":5056,"uploadId":5057,"url":5058},"2026-04-30T13:30:45Z","image-e4a34afaef8f1578dc4686788d420b5d2abf8464-3000x2129-png","o0tNkHWVtuS3hBnA38zOTQ","2026-04-30T13:30:47Z","e4a34afaef8f1578dc4686788d420b5d2abf8464",{"_type":121,"blurHash":5033,"dimensions":5034,"hasAlpha":129,"isOpaque":128,"lqip":5035,"palette":5036,"thumbHash":5053},"VFGIlz01IA-n00_N?aRj9FxZ-RMwkDS5x]-os+ayozRj",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":4752,"height":4753,"width":126},"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAAOCAYAAAAvxDzwAAAACXBIWXMAAC4jAAAuIwF4pT92AAAEAklEQVR4nB2SW1OSCQCG+Qm7006trWXmpmae0trKdpw0K7Ok9VC2mNZuaUlpkJmCmquSCAoiCIIISCggpKgl6Xaw4+w2O3uxP+W7+Wa+C3h28uK9feZ9Zh7ZrdpTPO5sxTI6QMBtI7rgwz5lZUA3whPjOD6PKxGLBMTYs4gwaZmQbt++nVSrVYSDQT5//ER4IcScx0s0tIDVZETWUn8aXe993A4T67EgH9/G2ViPMR9cYCEaZetNPPHh1ZoYiwaFWZdTGhocSOqGhvB7vcSWlgj4nxIOLhANzWM1G5HVnD2JuqMNw9go4VCAt2822Hj5HF8whC+yzLv3W4mtzVXRaTMJE+MGyTFlTbqmHXjdM/h9Xvw+D4E5D/ZJE4P9GmSlJ49xufkmSs0wFpefxZV1rL4gar2dbouf+ZXNRCQaFnt7Hgpd6g5pwmTcBrpd0/g8bp7OeXHaJ+npUvP79UZkhUXFHL+ooKpFS6feiXFmEeWwg0vqUa5obDwY9ya6h42i4ppCuHq5RuruepA0jxuYsk7gcTvxe92M6XW03vqNS/JqZIWHCykor+FEQwcNKh33huw09ZioUemRq41U3xtO1LQ8EOsaGoRfr9RKjzrvJy3jo9itJrwzDuZmnYw+GUR5p5XrzU3Izpb9TEVdM3LlAPd1DozuCIP2IJ2mOVSmAO2G2cS9xwbxrkolPFS1S8aRwaTNbMBhNeFzO/C67Izph1HeaaFJcRVZU90FWu920DtqxR2IshJ/w3xsgwl/DL03hsG7lBiyuERtX58wMtgv2cyG5JRlDM+Mk3m/j9lpGwPaR1RXVVJcVICsUX6a1uuN9Pb0YDGZcDqmMU/a0OqMtPfpUWpGEm0PtaJKpRL6NV2S2aBLftV8vhrjxerytnZfdycXz58l91A2srKfcik/UcyF06U0yM/TfFnOtbpq6uRVVFWeo6KiIlF57pyoaKgX1O13JMvYSHJtOcKXz+/58ukdy4vz6B5raLxSS+nJ48gOpu8mZ38q+ZlpHMv7kVPF2ZQfyab0cBYn8jMpzslIlBTniYr6XwRtl0py2y3J1/FV/v37I//985mtzTWs4yPcbFZwprwU2b6UHez/YSdZaSnkH9jD8dx0SvLSOXYonaM56RRkpSWOFuSIivoa4Q9tl+R1WpPxlUU+vI7z14dXvNtcw+OYRNlyg8ozZcjSdn3LvpTvyEjdRc7+3RzOSuVI9l6KstIoyt739XmipChPbLt1Q7CZDVLI706uRAK8XI3yKr7Cn8+XWAx40A/1097Wimzvzm9I+34HGak7OZieQn7GbgoPpFKYmUZB5l5yM/YkykqOiMP9GiEWDkgvlsPJF0shNlajvF6Pbe8r9FnIv53Q/ywXoIgIk/saAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":5037,"darkVibrant":5040,"dominant":5042,"lightMuted":5045,"lightVibrant":5046,"muted":5048,"vibrant":5051},{"_type":134,"background":5038,"foreground":136,"population":5039,"title":136},"#494038",5.65,{"_type":134,"background":5041,"foreground":136,"population":1141,"title":136},"#5c3c24",{"_type":134,"background":5043,"foreground":146,"population":5044,"title":136},"#c1bbb5",7.9,{"_type":134,"background":5043,"foreground":146,"population":5044,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":5047,"foreground":146,"population":1141,"title":146},"#ecdcd2",{"_type":134,"background":5049,"foreground":136,"population":5050,"title":136},"#6f828f",3.77,{"_type":134,"background":5052,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#b77747","HgiKDIIPQAnOR0iYSDr2pGKPf4B4eHeHBw==","04_werdhoelzli_inside_3b.png","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/e4a34afaef8f1578dc4686788d420b5d2abf8464-3000x2129.png",14111142,"aYZ9sY66XjAlbxhL12dJWA0itSIyd4aF","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/e4a34afaef8f1578dc4686788d420b5d2abf8464-3000x2129.png",{"_key":5060,"_type":4559,"caption":5061,"captionPosition":4569,"imagePrint":174,"imageWeb":5070,"markDefs":174,"pdfLayout":4609,"pdfRotate":128,"counter":5102},"7fd8d31ad3bb",[5062],{"_key":5063,"_type":8,"children":5064,"markDefs":5069,"style":24},"d51af772a419",[5065],{"_key":5066,"_type":12,"marks":5067,"text":5068},"0d34e778c837",[],"Various collected amphibians. © Büro für Wildtierarchitektur.",[],{"_type":212,"asset":5071},{"_createdAt":4814,"_id":5072,"_rev":5073,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":4575,"assetId":5074,"extension":119,"metadata":5075,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":5097,"path":5098,"sha1hash":5074,"size":5099,"uploadId":5100,"url":5101},"image-a7f1fd68d3df5993919a39cac094b7860886e90b-3000x2129-jpg","gtUcc5GAbVP6IlcjzIFH3Y","a7f1fd68d3df5993919a39cac094b7860886e90b",{"_type":121,"blurHash":5076,"dimensions":5077,"exif":5078,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":5080,"palette":5081},"VgN-J}NH_4MyM{-;ofRjRkj[x]RjM{xvWBj]j[jtayt7",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":4752,"height":4753,"width":126},{"ApertureValue":4755,"BodySerialNumber":4756,"ColorSpace":1404,"CustomRendered":154,"DateTimeDigitized":4757,"DateTimeOriginal":4757,"ExposureBiasValue":4758,"ExposureMode":154,"ExposureProgram":4759,"ExposureTime":4760,"FNumber":4761,"Flash":4762,"FocalLength":4763,"FocalPlaneResolutionUnit":4759,"FocalPlaneXResolution":4764,"FocalPlaneYResolution":4764,"ISO":4765,"LensModel":4766,"LensSerialNumber":4767,"LensSpecification":5079,"MaxApertureValue":4769,"MeteringMode":4770,"PixelXDimension":126,"PixelYDimension":4753,"RecommendedExposureIndex":4765,"SceneCaptureType":154,"SensitivityType":4769,"ShutterSpeedValue":4771,"SubSecTime":4772,"SubSecTimeDigitized":4772,"SubSecTimeOriginal":4772,"WhiteBalance":154,"_type":4773},[4763,4763,174,174],"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wAARCAAOABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAGQAAAgMBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAYDBQcI/8QAIRAAAgEEAgIDAAAAAAAAAAAAAQIDAAQFEQYSIjETIUH/xAAWAQEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAAP/xAAXEQEAAwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQIR/9oADAMBAAIRAxEAPwDoGRjrx90i2fMXh55HjMhG0SttInDeLGr3P/LLZMY5pIeqlmKHRI16pM4Fxq0zU0F7kC8txZTdo3LfZ/RuneJ1lXG2oAyg0VEjkKNUVE//2Q==",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":5082,"darkVibrant":5085,"dominant":5087,"lightMuted":5090,"lightVibrant":5091,"muted":5093,"vibrant":5095},{"_type":134,"background":5083,"foreground":136,"population":5084,"title":136},"#3f3c32",7.67,{"_type":134,"background":5086,"foreground":136,"population":1410,"title":136},"#261306",{"_type":134,"background":5088,"foreground":146,"population":5089,"title":146},"#dce4ec",18.69,{"_type":134,"background":5088,"foreground":146,"population":5089,"title":146},{"_type":134,"background":5092,"foreground":146,"population":154,"title":146},"#d4e4fc",{"_type":134,"background":5094,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#846c64",{"_type":134,"background":5096,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#dc6e22","05_Picture1.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/a7f1fd68d3df5993919a39cac094b7860886e90b-3000x2129.jpg",673419,"mBDqPoaGA0FJioHjlT60rNM9HN3oDk0l","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/a7f1fd68d3df5993919a39cac094b7860886e90b-3000x2129.jpg",6,{"_key":5104,"_type":8,"children":5105,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":5119,"markDefs":5120,"style":24},"1d0e073a08e7",[5106,5110,5115],{"_key":5107,"_type":12,"marks":5108,"text":5109},"843c806aaa64",[],"As explained by the Department of Civil Engineering and Waste Management of the city of Zurich, a set of measures were introduced in 2013 to reduce the impact of urban drainage systems on ",{"_key":5111,"_type":12,"id":5111,"marks":5112,"text":5114},"acc7c6b053ff",[5113],"857df6004ca9","amphibians.",{"_key":5116,"_type":12,"marks":5117,"text":5118},"85978d0f8a31",[]," Two of these solutions were tested in 2014: amphibian ladders, which provided a route for animals to climb out of drains, and surface ramps, which helped them cross curbs before falling in. The pragmatic answer to the amphibian extinction crisis offered by the caring employees of the city of Zurich is an infrastructure within another infrastructure. We can now understand what we experienced: instead of joining the statistics of dead amphibians, the grass frog we observed in the box had taken advantage of an escape route offered by the ladders installed at the Werdhölzli.",[],[5121],{"_key":5113,"_type":4365,"content":5122,"id":5113},[5123],{"_key":5124,"_type":8,"children":5125,"markDefs":5143,"style":24},"bf598f46fab6",[5126,5130,5134,5138],{"_key":5127,"_type":12,"marks":5128,"text":5129},"e2dbe80fcc9f",[],"For a general assessment of these blue-green infrastructures, see Donati, G. F., Bolliger, J., Psomas, A., Maurer, M., & Bach, P. M. (2022). Reconciling cities with nature: Identifying local Blue-Green Infrastructure interventions for regional biodiversity enhancement. ",{"_key":5131,"_type":12,"marks":5132,"text":5133},"808c2d23e5b0",[800],"Journal of Environmental Management, 316",{"_key":5135,"_type":12,"marks":5136,"text":5137},"ec1f084627c2",[],", 115254. ",{"_key":5139,"_type":12,"marks":5140,"text":5142},"f4152a3bbe81",[5141],"ed688f3a8299","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115254",[5144],{"_key":5141,"_type":90,"href":5142,"linkType":92,"title":5142},{"_key":5146,"_type":4559,"caption":5147,"captionPosition":4569,"imagePrint":174,"imageWeb":5156,"markDefs":174,"pdfLayout":4609,"pdfRotate":128,"counter":5189},"eb0bba5c847c",[5148],{"_key":5149,"_type":8,"children":5150,"markDefs":5155,"style":24},"a340ecb5ad72",[5151],{"_key":5152,"_type":12,"marks":5153,"text":5154},"a9bf7d041348",[],"A common toad climbing an amphibian rescue construction at the Werdhölzli sewage treatment plant in Zurich. © Büro für Wildtierarchitektur, 2011.",[],{"_type":212,"asset":5157},{"_createdAt":4575,"_id":5158,"_rev":5159,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":5160,"assetId":5161,"extension":119,"metadata":5162,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":5184,"path":5185,"sha1hash":5161,"size":5186,"uploadId":5187,"url":5188},"image-76a45d280a866fbf40a49f2746bbd4c003692095-3000x2129-jpg","vbhMDt05Etis9edbmIODt1","2026-04-30T13:30:34Z","76a45d280a866fbf40a49f2746bbd4c003692095",{"_type":121,"blurHash":5163,"dimensions":5164,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":5165,"palette":5166,"thumbHash":5183},"V9F62$tSOZ008^00IV_2~qx]E1D%IUof%MVrM{XTRjMx",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":4752,"height":4753,"width":126},"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wAARCAAOABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAGQAAAgMBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAUBAwQG/8QAJRAAAQMDAwMFAAAAAAAAAAAAAQIDBQAEEgYRIQcTMRVBQlFi/8QAFQEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAH/xAAYEQADAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQIRMf/aAAwDAQACEQMRAD8A5xemmJeBipOyAR3msHh+x5qICPVFKesVlJ3OYP3T7o48L3T0jHPglu3dDqSPbLgitGo4r0y7t3kOBTZO2O3JFR0+FlLNKgB8hzRTNAaUgEo8iigP/9k=",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":5167,"darkVibrant":5170,"dominant":5172,"lightMuted":5175,"lightVibrant":5177,"muted":5180,"vibrant":5181},{"_type":134,"background":5168,"foreground":136,"population":5169,"title":136},"#534130",0.89,{"_type":134,"background":5171,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#5d3d26",{"_type":134,"background":5173,"foreground":136,"population":5174,"title":136},"#787878",9.23,{"_type":134,"background":5176,"foreground":146,"population":1141,"title":136},"#c2a495",{"_type":134,"background":5178,"foreground":146,"population":5179,"title":136},"#d1b19b",0.09,{"_type":134,"background":5173,"foreground":136,"population":5174,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":5182,"foreground":136,"population":1141,"title":136},"#bc845c","HAgGDYBzIERg7YhVlmqGeBRgRRBH","02_Aufstiegsleiter.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/76a45d280a866fbf40a49f2746bbd4c003692095-3000x2129.jpg",1587990,"iw7ylRNTQatWUITz5KLaab0ORrJircJp","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/76a45d280a866fbf40a49f2746bbd4c003692095-3000x2129.jpg",7,{"_key":5191,"_type":8,"children":5192,"glossarDefs":5197,"id":5191,"markDefs":5198,"style":4340},"71a330467c19",[5193],{"_key":5194,"_type":12,"marks":5195,"text":5196},"d945426d0667",[],"The Contact Zone",[],[],{"_key":5200,"_type":8,"children":5201,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":5215,"markDefs":5216,"style":24},"63270f263ed7",[5202,5206,5211],{"_key":5203,"_type":12,"marks":5204,"text":5205},"c417ee1729c9",[],"In the urbanized world, infrastructures of all kinds sustain, shape, and regulate biological life: from water supply and sanitation to transportation, energy, communication, waste management, and health and safety systems. It is therefore not surprising that solutions to ecological problems are usually sought within these pervasive physical and social networks of pipes, cables, sensors, energy, data sets, and management protocols. Yet, in an age of climate change and ",{"_key":5207,"_type":12,"id":5207,"marks":5208,"text":5210},"ab50104823c3",[5209],"2c8c5ef1b169","terricides,",{"_key":5212,"_type":12,"marks":5213,"text":5214},"1536fec84835",[]," the modernist view of infrastructure as an unconditional, emancipatory driver of progress has lost its political and imaginative force. Dams and canalized rivers intensify floods and drive species extinction; the technopolitical system of the fossil economy threatens life at a planetary scale; and the global extraction and concentration of people, materials, and energy in urban areas destabilize environments across continents. Once regarded as a purely technical matter for engineers and planners, infrastructure has become a central concern for the humanities, the social sciences, and the arts, raising new questions. In the case of the sewage treatment plant, what happens when amphibians enter the apparatus of contemporary urban water management? What can we learn from this intersection of sewage, engineering, and animal mobility?",[],[5217],{"_key":5209,"_type":4365,"content":5218,"id":5209},[5219],{"_key":5220,"_type":8,"children":5221,"markDefs":5251,"style":24},"1ef59c345a7d",[5222,5226,5230,5234,5239,5243,5247],{"_key":5223,"_type":12,"marks":5224,"text":5225},"c5388d7d869a",[],"Terricide (",{"_key":5227,"_type":12,"marks":5228,"text":5229},"4a710a941913",[800],"terricidio",{"_key":5231,"_type":12,"marks":5232,"text":5233},"62bf6e17f90d",[]," in Spanish) is the term used by the Mapuche activists of the Movimiento de Mujeres Indigenas por el Buen Vivir (Indigenous Women’s Movement for Good Living) to describe the colonial matrix of geopower. Terricide, according to the Manifesto for Buen Vivir, is ‘a figure of synthesis’, a constellation of ‘epistemicides, genocides, ecocides, culturicides, femicides that have occurred throughout the history and the colonial present’. Kedistan, “Stop the Terricide: Manifesto for Buen Vivir,” Kedistan Website, April 28, 2021, ",{"_key":5235,"_type":12,"marks":5236,"text":5238},"a415b649d5cc",[5237],"81b23e57a447","https://www.kedistan.net/2021/04/28/buen-vivir-manifesto/",{"_key":5240,"_type":12,"marks":5241,"text":5242},"487a0713e3fd",[]," On terricide, see Arturo Escobar, Michal Osterweil, and Kriti Sharma, ",{"_key":5244,"_type":12,"marks":5245,"text":5246},"2534bb7a0e76",[800],"Relationality: An Emergent Politics of Life Beyond the Human",{"_key":5248,"_type":12,"marks":5249,"text":5250},"9d7599faed2b",[]," (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2024), 55–58.",[5252],{"_key":5237,"_type":90,"href":5238,"linkType":92,"title":5238},{"_key":5254,"_type":8,"children":5255,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":5269,"markDefs":5270,"style":24},"743e9fc33d54",[5256,5260,5265],{"_key":5257,"_type":12,"marks":5258,"text":5259},"46e9f37957d8",[],"An answer may lie in the concept of “pluriversal contact ",{"_key":5261,"_type":12,"id":5261,"marks":5262,"text":5264},"29b576a53aaf",[5263],"0a1afdd34dda","zones”.",{"_key":5266,"_type":12,"marks":5267,"text":5268},"7641ea1b51f4",[]," Theorized by Marisol de la Cadena and Arturo Escobar, this term refers to physical and symbolic sites where “divergent worlds” meet: knots in space-time where actions, practices, and knowledges “co-exist in an encounter replete with tensions” (35). The examples favoured by de la Cadena and Escobar are taken from indigenous politics. For instance, when a coalition of urban environmentalists and indigenous peasants came together in Cutzco, Peru, to defend a mountain called Ausangate against a mining corporation who saw it exclusively as a repository of ores, what emerged was a pluriversal contact zone (32). Through the convergence of heterogeneous interests Ausangate became a “self-excessive” entity: a mountain for the urban activists, an “earth-being” for the indigenous peasants, and a geological resource for the mining corporation. It became an “interest in common which was not the same interest” (32).",[],[5271],{"_key":5263,"_type":4365,"content":5272,"id":5263},[5273],{"_key":5274,"_type":8,"children":5275,"markDefs":5288,"style":24},"10e4c5c96c51",[5276,5280,5284],{"_key":5277,"_type":12,"marks":5278,"text":5279},"c4f50952a8d5",[],"De la Cadena, Marisol, and Arturo Escobar. 2023. “Notes on Excess: Towards Pluriversal Design.” In ",{"_key":5281,"_type":12,"marks":5282,"text":5283},"37394a4f3a5f",[800],"Design for More-Than-Human Futures: Towards Post-Anthropocentric Worlding,",{"_key":5285,"_type":12,"marks":5286,"text":5287},"5d609c2d4f2c",[]," edited by Martín Tironi, Marcos Chilet, Carola Ureta Marí, and Pablo Hermansen. Routledge.",[],{"_key":5290,"_type":8,"children":5291,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":5296,"markDefs":5297,"style":24},"9298b89398a6",[5292],{"_key":5293,"_type":12,"marks":5294,"text":5295},"b74176b54888",[],"The figure of “excess” is the hallmark of pluriversal contact zones. de la Cadena and Escobar describe it as the experience of not knowing, of accepting that some presences escape the cultural and epistemic horizons of some participants of the encounter. For instance, when indigenous populations approach a mountain as a person, or a river as relative, an excess “erupts” and “interrupts” the modern Western practices that treat natural beings as non-living entities (33).",[],[],{"_key":5299,"_type":8,"children":5300,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":5305,"markDefs":5306,"style":24},"9653cfaf1292",[5301],{"_key":5302,"_type":12,"marks":5303,"text":5304},"8de33f543a28",[],"If we extend the interpretative framework of pluriversal contact zones beyond the human and beyond indigenous contexts, also the Werdhölzli sewage treatment plant appears as a pluriversal contact zone, in which human and other-than-human worlds meet. The grass frog and the engineers who designed the escape routes shared an “interest in common which was not the same interest”, since constructing amphibian-friendly ladders in an industrial facility and surviving in a sewage plant are not the same interest. Simply by being there—defenseless in a plastic box, in a transient state between its capture in the sewage system and its hibernation in a fridge—the grass frog in the Werdhölzli produced an excess: it pushed our understanding of urban and animal life outside the confines of modernity, allowing us—the Swiss and Colombian participants in the field trip—to move beyond the logic of contemporary urban management. The grass frog we encountered in the plant did not demand a solution to its inability to survive in a city made of steel and concrete, pierced by hundreds of kilometres of pipes; and yet it was there, rescued by its own reluctant persecutors.",[],[],{"_key":5308,"_type":4559,"caption":5309,"captionPosition":4569,"imagePrint":174,"imageWeb":5318,"markDefs":174,"pdfLayout":4609,"pdfRotate":128,"counter":5350},"0f336f3d1b74",[5310],{"_key":5311,"_type":8,"children":5312,"markDefs":5317,"style":24},"2e067a14941a",[5313],{"_key":5314,"_type":12,"marks":5315,"text":5316},"05e202757878",[],"Two yellow-bellied toads (male and female). © Niklaus Peyer.",[],{"_type":212,"asset":5319},{"_createdAt":4572,"_id":5320,"_rev":5321,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":4575,"assetId":5322,"extension":119,"metadata":5323,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":5345,"path":5346,"sha1hash":5322,"size":5347,"uploadId":5348,"url":5349},"image-a99a589dbb0a1d28cabd50469b56a2af04932a33-1024x768-jpg","gtUcc5GAbVP6IlcjzIFGmS","a99a589dbb0a1d28cabd50469b56a2af04932a33",{"_type":121,"blurHash":5324,"dimensions":5325,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":5328,"palette":5329,"thumbHash":5344},"V6KnVc4;00NG4o009F.9t7RkRk~pD%xZ?H%hoz-pkDaf",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":125,"height":5326,"width":5327},768,1024,"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wAARCAAPABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAGAAAAgMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAcEBQb/xAAhEAABBAICAgMAAAAAAAAAAAABAAIDBAURBiESMRNBkf/EABUBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAID/8QAGBEBAAMBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAECETH/2gAMAwEAAhEDEQA/AIPEsUMhVM5h0PeytXFx2tYi3oHrsNCYfHsNTFdtRkTQwM70FaWMVRp1pPhiDdD2pTU+Eba4VCZnEVdg/ekJo1Z47MZdGw+LSW/iECx//9k=",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":5330,"darkVibrant":5333,"dominant":5335,"lightMuted":5336,"lightVibrant":5338,"muted":5340,"vibrant":5342},{"_type":134,"background":5331,"foreground":136,"population":5332,"title":136},"#484741",4.91,{"_type":134,"background":5334,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#793e0b",{"_type":134,"background":5331,"foreground":136,"population":5332,"title":136},{"_type":134,"background":5337,"foreground":146,"population":154,"title":136},"#d4c4ac",{"_type":134,"background":5339,"foreground":146,"population":1141,"title":146},"#fcecde",{"_type":134,"background":5341,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#a48c6c",{"_type":134,"background":5343,"foreground":136,"population":154,"title":136},"#e97815","aQgOBYBWZ4dwiIeXh3iIhpCOCEp3","06_Gelbbauchunken Bombina variegata.JPG","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/a99a589dbb0a1d28cabd50469b56a2af04932a33-1024x768.jpg",150683,"Kg5zNuvyq3GD5a0rUDiPVJIt7dFJTb4U","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/a99a589dbb0a1d28cabd50469b56a2af04932a33-1024x768.jpg",8,{"_key":5352,"_type":8,"children":5353,"containsGlossar":128,"glossarDefs":5366,"markDefs":5367,"style":24},"23a0183ec0fb",[5354,5358,5362],{"_key":5355,"_type":12,"marks":5356,"text":5357},"16089f7c0f29",[],"A crucial insight from de la Cadena and Escobar is that, if only we open our senses, “contact zones proliferate” (32). These encounters reveal “what is beyond the limit of what ",{"_key":5359,"_type":12,"id":5359,"marks":5360,"text":5361},"1c70b13c9620",[800],"can be",{"_key":5363,"_type":12,"marks":5364,"text":5365},"f3a81e163173",[],"” (30), they carry within themselves the potential to transform the world from within. When something exceeds the boundaries of dominant regimes of life, as in the case of the grass frog of the Werdhölzli, it prefigures “an unknown togetherness which worlds have to learn” (32). What does the “unknown togetherness” of the grass frog in the sewage treatment plant consist of? How can the modern world of engineered sanitation systems and the primeval universe of pond-breeding amphibians come together to reconfigure what exists? At the Werdhölzli, I began to recognize how the technological optimism of the human perpetrators and the vulnerability of the amphibian victims are two sides of the same coin. They share an ecocidal destiny, which renders paradoxical, and even tragicomic, the effort to save amphibians through an add-on infrastructure built within the same infrastructures that condemn them. How can we achieve interspecies coexistence through the very means that makes cohabitation impossible? The unknown togetherness we experienced at the Werdhölzli cannot be separated from the superimposition of pity and hope, of infrastructural torments and amphibian-led planetary utopias. In the automated pluriverse of the sewage treatment plant, a grass frog taught us that the basic forms of organization of our dwelling on Earth must be redesigned, if only to make room to a vanishing 370-million-year-old world of mating songs, epic migrations, and lusting couplings.",[],[],[5369],{"_key":5370,"_type":8,"children":5371,"markDefs":5376,"style":24},"f9900f182431",[5372],{"_key":5373,"_type":12,"marks":5374,"text":5375},"986a563a36e0",[],"The sewage treatment plant of Zurich can be understood as a pluriversal contact zone, a place where infrastructural, human and amphibian agents intersect. Their encounter is caught between the pipe dreams of modernity and novel ways of amphibian care.",[],"en-US",[5379,5389,5408,5422,5436,5450,174,5460,5467,5479,174,174,5495,5509,5520,174,174,174,5529,174,5543,5563,174],{"_key":4351,"_type":4365,"content":5380},[5381],{"_key":4368,"_type":8,"children":5382,"markDefs":5387,"style":24},[5383,5385],{"_key":4371,"_type":12,"marks":5384,"text":4373},[],{"_key":4375,"_type":12,"marks":5386,"text":4378},[4377],[5388],{"_key":4377,"_type":90,"href":4378,"linkType":92,"title":4378},{"_key":4360,"_type":4365,"content":5390},[5391],{"_key":4384,"_type":8,"children":5392,"markDefs":5405,"style":24},[5393,5395,5397,5399,5401,5403],{"_key":4387,"_type":12,"marks":5394,"text":4389},[],{"_key":4391,"_type":12,"marks":5396,"text":4394},[4393],{"_key":4396,"_type":12,"marks":5398,"text":4398},[],{"_key":4400,"_type":12,"marks":5400,"text":4402},[800],{"_key":4404,"_type":12,"marks":5402,"text":4406},[],{"_key":4408,"_type":12,"marks":5404,"text":4411},[4410],[5406,5407],{"_key":4393,"_type":90,"href":4414,"linkType":92,"title":4414},{"_key":4410,"_type":90,"href":4411,"linkType":92,"title":4411},{"_key":4426,"_type":4365,"content":5409},[5410],{"_key":4472,"_type":8,"children":5411,"markDefs":5420,"style":24},[5412,5414,5416,5418],{"_key":4475,"_type":12,"marks":5413,"text":4477},[800],{"_key":4479,"_type":12,"marks":5415,"text":4481},[],{"_key":4483,"_type":12,"marks":5417,"text":4486},[4485],{"_key":4488,"_type":12,"marks":5419,"text":4490},[],[5421],{"_key":4485,"_type":90,"href":4486,"linkType":92,"title":4486},{"_key":4444,"_type":4365,"content":5423},[5424],{"_key":4496,"_type":8,"children":5425,"markDefs":5434,"style":24},[5426,5428,5430,5432],{"_key":4499,"_type":12,"marks":5427,"text":4501},[800],{"_key":4503,"_type":12,"marks":5429,"text":4505},[],{"_key":4507,"_type":12,"marks":5431,"text":4510},[4509],{"_key":4512,"_type":12,"marks":5433,"text":4514},[],[5435],{"_key":4509,"_type":90,"href":4510,"linkType":92,"title":4510},{"_key":4453,"_type":4365,"content":5437},[5438],{"_key":4520,"_type":8,"children":5439,"markDefs":5448,"style":24},[5440,5442,5444,5446],{"_key":4523,"_type":12,"marks":5441,"text":4525},[],{"_key":4527,"_type":12,"marks":5443,"text":4529},[800],{"_key":4531,"_type":12,"marks":5445,"text":4533},[],{"_key":4535,"_type":12,"marks":5447,"text":4538},[4537],[5449],{"_key":4537,"_type":90,"href":4538,"linkType":92,"title":4538},{"_key":4435,"_type":4365,"content":5451},[5452],{"_key":4544,"_type":8,"children":5453,"markDefs":5458,"style":24},[5454,5456],{"_key":4547,"_type":12,"marks":5455,"text":4549},[800],{"_key":4551,"_type":12,"marks":5457,"text":4554},[4553],[5459],{"_key":4553,"_type":90,"href":4554,"linkType":92,"title":4554},{"_key":4629,"_type":4365,"content":5461},[5462],{"_key":4640,"_type":8,"children":5463,"markDefs":5466,"style":24},[5464],{"_key":4643,"_type":12,"marks":5465,"text":4645},[],[],{"_key":4620,"_type":4365,"content":5468},[5469],{"_key":4650,"_type":8,"children":5470,"markDefs":5477,"style":24},[5471,5473,5475],{"_key":4653,"_type":12,"marks":5472,"text":4655},[800],{"_key":4657,"_type":12,"marks":5474,"text":4481},[],{"_key":4660,"_type":12,"marks":5476,"text":4663},[4662],[5478],{"_key":4662,"_type":90,"href":4663,"linkType":92,"title":4663},{"_key":4685,"_type":4365,"content":5480},[5481],{"_key":4696,"_type":8,"children":5482,"markDefs":5493,"style":24},[5483,5485,5487,5489,5491],{"_key":4699,"_type":12,"marks":5484,"text":4701},[],{"_key":4703,"_type":12,"marks":5486,"text":4706},[4705],{"_key":4708,"_type":12,"marks":5488,"text":4710},[],{"_key":4712,"_type":12,"marks":5490,"text":4715},[4714],{"_key":4717,"_type":12,"marks":5492,"text":4719},[],[5494],{"_key":4705,"_type":90,"href":4706,"linkType":92,"title":4706},{"_key":4872,"_type":4365,"content":5496},[5497],{"_key":4883,"_type":8,"children":5498,"markDefs":5507,"style":24},[5499,5501,5503,5505],{"_key":4886,"_type":12,"marks":5500,"text":4888},[800],{"_key":4890,"_type":12,"marks":5502,"text":4481},[],{"_key":4893,"_type":12,"marks":5504,"text":4896},[4895],{"_key":4898,"_type":12,"marks":5506,"text":4490},[],[5508],{"_key":4895,"_type":90,"href":4896,"linkType":92,"title":4896},{"_key":4912,"_type":4365,"content":5510},[5511],{"_key":4923,"_type":8,"children":5512,"markDefs":5519,"style":24},[5513,5515,5517],{"_key":4926,"_type":12,"marks":5514,"text":4928},[],{"_key":4930,"_type":12,"marks":5516,"text":4932},[800],{"_key":4934,"_type":12,"marks":5518,"text":4936},[],[],{"_key":4948,"_type":4365,"content":5521},[5522],{"_key":4955,"_type":8,"children":5523,"markDefs":5528,"style":24},[5524,5526],{"_key":4958,"_type":12,"marks":5525,"text":4960},[800],{"_key":4962,"_type":12,"marks":5527,"text":4964},[],[],{"_key":5113,"_type":4365,"content":5530},[5531],{"_key":5124,"_type":8,"children":5532,"markDefs":5541,"style":24},[5533,5535,5537,5539],{"_key":5127,"_type":12,"marks":5534,"text":5129},[],{"_key":5131,"_type":12,"marks":5536,"text":5133},[800],{"_key":5135,"_type":12,"marks":5538,"text":5137},[],{"_key":5139,"_type":12,"marks":5540,"text":5142},[5141],[5542],{"_key":5141,"_type":90,"href":5142,"linkType":92,"title":5142},{"_key":5209,"_type":4365,"content":5544},[5545],{"_key":5220,"_type":8,"children":5546,"markDefs":5561,"style":24},[5547,5549,5551,5553,5555,5557,5559],{"_key":5223,"_type":12,"marks":5548,"text":5225},[],{"_key":5227,"_type":12,"marks":5550,"text":5229},[800],{"_key":5231,"_type":12,"marks":5552,"text":5233},[],{"_key":5235,"_type":12,"marks":5554,"text":5238},[5237],{"_key":5240,"_type":12,"marks":5556,"text":5242},[],{"_key":5244,"_type":12,"marks":5558,"text":5246},[800],{"_key":5248,"_type":12,"marks":5560,"text":5250},[],[5562],{"_key":5237,"_type":90,"href":5238,"linkType":92,"title":5238},{"_key":5263,"_type":4365,"content":5564},[5565],{"_key":5274,"_type":8,"children":5566,"markDefs":5573,"style":24},[5567,5569,5571],{"_key":5277,"_type":12,"marks":5568,"text":5279},[],{"_key":5281,"_type":12,"marks":5570,"text":5283},[800],{"_key":5285,"_type":12,"marks":5572,"text":5287},[],[],{"_type":186,"current":391},{"_type":186,"current":392},{"_key":5577,"_type":5578,"caption":174,"captionPosition":4569,"imagePrint":174,"imageWeb":5579},"420f3a4b9eb9","titleImage",{"_type":212,"asset":5580},{"_createdAt":5581,"_id":5582,"_rev":5583,"_type":117,"_updatedAt":5581,"assetId":5584,"extension":119,"metadata":5585,"mimeType":156,"originalFilename":5610,"path":5611,"sha1hash":5584,"size":5612,"uploadId":5613,"url":5614},"2026-05-04T16:54:42Z","image-36554ba22441c99d9e33221c2e87c562587f3e6c-2800x1867-jpg","8ejm7yxhwRT4gOeFSKEdvV","36554ba22441c99d9e33221c2e87c562587f3e6c",{"_type":121,"blurHash":5586,"dimensions":5587,"hasAlpha":128,"isOpaque":129,"lqip":5591,"palette":5592,"thumbHash":5609},"VECi?hIA00%M^+~qt69FWB-;Rlogt7M{RjIVj[%MV@M{",{"_type":124,"aspectRatio":5588,"height":5589,"width":5590},1.4997321906802357,1867,2800,"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wAARCAANABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAGQAAAgMBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAYEBQcI/8QAIhAAAQMEAgIDAAAAAAAAAAAAAQIDBAAFESEGEiIxMkFR/8QAFgEBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAwEC/8QAGREAAwADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAERAhIx/9oADAMBAAIRAxEAPwBDs91bh3IQnD4aU3v6/K0zmEq2XLjlvfgYTKaHVxJOwK59VmQuXJUoh5lsKQoH1Tfxa4vToAU98kjGQfdEm8XGa6XIfwN5zRUNxw9qKTYkP//Z",{"_type":132,"darkMuted":5593,"darkVibrant":5596,"dominant":5599,"lightMuted":5602,"lightVibrant":5603,"muted":5605,"vibrant":5607},{"_type":134,"background":5594,"foreground":136,"population":5595,"title":136},"#554f37",3.84,{"_type":134,"background":5597,"foreground":136,"population":5598,"title":136},"#3f3a1b",2.19,{"_type":134,"background":5600,"foreground":146,"population":5601,"title":146},"#d7d3cd",6.69,{"_type":134,"background":5600,"foreground":146,"population":5601,"title":146},{"_type":134,"background":5604,"foreground":146,"population":154,"title":146},"#d7cfa2",{"_type":134,"background":5606,"foreground":136,"population":4778,"title":136},"#7e7973",{"_type":134,"background":5608,"foreground":146,"population":154,"title":136},"#b2a44c","FwgKDYAiunefZHmHaWaXh0+zw0Au","00_5C1A7635.jpg","images/b1bmokl0/setv03/36554ba22441c99d9e33221c2e87c562587f3e6c-2800x1867.jpg",2010719,"L4GZ8RoGnp7Qxiid3QtAOpOFhuRUF7FE","https://cdn.sanity.io/images/b1bmokl0/setv03/36554ba22441c99d9e33221c2e87c562587f3e6c-2800x1867.jpg",[5616],{"_key":5577,"_type":5578,"captionPosition":4569,"imageWeb":5617},{"_type":212,"asset":5618},{"_ref":5582,"_type":5619},"reference",1789057895300]